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biology

PTPRE

PTPRE is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand PTPRE rather than just read about it. In short: Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRE gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family.

PTPRE — main illustration
PTPRE — illustration

Key takeaways

  • PTPRE belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
  • Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
  • Connect PTPRE to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
  • Reproduce the core statement of PTPRE from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRE gene.

Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been reported, one of which encodes a receptor-type PTP that possesses a short extracellular domain, a single transmembrane region, and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains; Another one encodes a PTP that contains a distinct hydrophilic N-terminus, and thus represents a nonreceptor-type isoform of this PTP. Studies of the similar gene in mice suggested the regulatory roles of this PTP in RAS related signal transduction pathways, cytokines induced SATA signaling, as well as the activation of voltage-gated K+ channels.

Interactions PTPRE has been shown to interact with KCNB1.

References

Further reading

Illustrations

PTPRE illustration
PTPRE illustration
PTPRE illustration
PTPRE illustration
PTPRE illustration

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with PTPRE

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what PTPRE claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to PTPRE before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about PTPRE ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of PTPRE

In research
PTPRE appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry
Engineering practice reuses PTPRE in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom
PTPRE is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Genes on human chromosome 10, Human chromosome 10 gene stubs, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life
Look for PTPRE outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.
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How to study PTPRE in 20 minutes

  1. Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
  2. Close the page and write down what PTPRE means in your own words.
  3. Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
  4. Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
  5. Explain PTPRE out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is PTPRE in simple terms?

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRE gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family.

Why does PTPRE matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study PTPRE?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on PTPRE.

Tags

  • Genes on human chromosome 10
  • Human chromosome 10 gene stubs

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