science

Pandora International

Pandora International is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Pandora International rather than just read about it. In short: Pandora International was an Emmy award winning, English maker of hardware and software for telecine control and colour correction in post production film editing. History Pandora International began trading in 1988 led by Steve Brett and Martin Greenwood, initially in Northfleet.

Key takeaways

Pandora International belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Pandora International to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Pandora International from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Pandora International was an Emmy award winning, English maker of hardware and software for telecine control and colour correction in post production film editing.

History Pandora International began trading in 1988 led by Steve Brett and Martin Greenwood, initially in Northfleet. Pandora's twin Motorola 68020 Pogle could control telecine machines such as the Spirit DataCine FDL 60, FDL 90 and Quadra, and four video tape decks, for field accurate editing including three-two sequence control. Later versions used Silicon Graphics SGI Indy and SGI O2 computers. Pandora's DCP external colour corrector implemented Rec 601 and was one of the first able to directly accept digital input from film or video tape, with support for NTSC and PAL. The PiXi colour corrector was launched in 1995, to replace the DCP and supported video resolutions up to 1920x1080 at 30 frames per second. A version of PiXi was incorporated into Picasso from Post Impressions and used by Industrial Light & Magic for "The Phantom Menace" and "Attack of the Clones". In 1997, Pandora introduced the MegaDEF comprising two PiXi with an additional multiplexer. It was the first commercially available system capable of 2048x1556 resolution in real time. The MegaDEF could be used with both Spirit DataCines and from 1999, the Philips Specter VDC-2000 virtual telecine and was controlled by a Pogle Platinum controller. 1998 movie Pleasantville included scenes where a MegaDEF removed selected colours. 2000 movie O Brother, Where Art Thou? was scanned by Kodak with a Spirit Datacine and colour-corrected using a Pandora Pogle controlled MegaDEF at its Cinesite facility in Hollywood. The tree and grass backgrounds were changed from greens to a yellow/brown Dust Bowl effect. Pandora was awarded an Emmy in 2001, in recognition of its pioneering work developing the concept of digital intermediates. In 2001, Pandora International moved to nearby Greenhithe. It purchased Ingress Abbey as its headquarters but after a dispute with developer Crest Nicholson, sold it in 2012. MegaDEF could be interfaced to the Quantel iQ using a proprietary optical fiber connection and systems were sold to Peter Jackson during his filming of the Lord of the Rings trilogy. The company's final products included Evolution, an updated Pogle colour suite telecine controller and Revolution, a non linear colour corrector capable of 4096x3072 resolution in real time. Following a 2013 application by the Official Receiver, Pandora International was dissolved in 2016.

Gallery

See also Da Vinci Systems Cintel Final Cut Pro Media Composer

References

External links History of Telecines

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Pandora International

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Pandora International claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Pandora International before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Pandora International ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Pandora International

In research: Pandora International appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Pandora International in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Pandora International is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics British companies disestablished in 2016, British companies established in 1988, Defunct companies of the United Kingdom, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Pandora International outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Pandora International in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Pandora International means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Pandora International out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Pandora International in simple terms?

Pandora International was an Emmy award winning, English maker of hardware and software for telecine control and colour correction in post production film editing. History Pandora International began trading in 1988 led by Steve Brett and Martin Greenwood, initially in Northfleet.

Why does Pandora International matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Pandora International?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Pandora International.