mathematics

Pao-sheng Hsu

Pao-sheng Hsu is a mathematics topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Pao-sheng Hsu rather than just read about it. In short: Pao-sheng Hsu is a mathematics educator, an independent consultant and researcher. Career Hsu completed her PhD under George Bachman at Polytechnic University (previously the Polytechnic Institute of New York, now the New York University Tandon School of Engineering) in 1975; her dissertation was titled An Application of Compactification: Some Theorems on Maximal Ideals.

Key takeaways

Pao-sheng Hsu belongs to mathematics; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Pao-sheng Hsu to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Pao-sheng Hsu from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Pao-sheng Hsu is a mathematics educator, an independent consultant and researcher.

Career Hsu completed her PhD under George Bachman at Polytechnic University (previously the Polytechnic Institute of New York, now the New York University Tandon School of Engineering) in 1975; her dissertation was titled An Application of Compactification: Some Theorems on Maximal Ideals. After primary school, Pao-sheng Hsu’s education was conducted in both Chinese and English, with Chinese history and literature taught in Chinese and other subjects taught in English. In 1999, 2000, and 2001, Hsu served in the "Human Rights of Mathematicians" committee of the American Mathematical Society. In 2006, Hsu, mathematician and past Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM) president Suzanne Lenhart and middle school teacher Erica Voolich founded the AWM Teacher Partnership Program. "The goal of the program is to link teachers of mathematics in schools, museums, technical institutes, two-year colleges, and universities with other teachers working in an environment different from their own and with mathematicians working in business, government, and industry." At the outset, the program focused on pairing individuals. In March 2011, the program was revised with a new format to provide a forum to exchange ideas related to issues that both mathematicians and teachers of mathematics perceive as important. As of 2007, she is an organizer of the AWM Teacher Partnership, with Suzanne Lenhart and Erica Voolich. She also translated a news article about the discussion "Complexities and Opportunities for Women in Mathematics" at the 2002 International Congress of Mathematicians for the AWM newsletter. With Jacqueline Dewar and Harriet Pollatsek, she edited the volume Mathematics Education: A Spectrum of Work in Mathematical Sciences Departments, which was published by Springer International Publishing on 26 November 2016 as part of the Association for Women in Mathematics series.

Awards Hsu was presented with an Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM) Service Award in 2013 "for her role in establishing the Teacher Partnership, long-time service on the [Math] Education Committee which included representing AWM at the CBMS Forum in 2009 and 2010, and service on the AWM Web Task Force (2008–2010)." She was elected a fellow of the Association for Women in Mathematics in the Class of 2019 "for her sustained efforts and achievements as a researcher and leader in mathematics education, especially for AWM; for her building of bridges connecting the communities of mathematicians, mathematics educators, and K–12 teachers; and for her work as a teacher and scholar of mathematics".

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Pao-sheng Hsu

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Pao-sheng Hsu claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In mathematics, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Pao-sheng Hsu before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Pao-sheng Hsu ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Pao-sheng Hsu

In research: Pao-sheng Hsu appears in mathematics research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Pao-sheng Hsu in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Pao-sheng Hsu is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 20th-century women mathematicians, 21st-century women mathematicians, American mathematician stubs, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Pao-sheng Hsu outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Pao-sheng Hsu in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Pao-sheng Hsu means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Pao-sheng Hsu out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Pao-sheng Hsu in simple terms?

Pao-sheng Hsu is a mathematics educator, an independent consultant and researcher. Career Hsu completed her PhD under George Bachman at Polytechnic University (previously the Polytechnic Institute of New York, now the New York University Tandon School of Engineering) in 1975; her dissertation was t…

Why does Pao-sheng Hsu matter?

Because it connects several mathematics ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Pao-sheng Hsu?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Pao-sheng Hsu.