astronomy

Patricia Hartge

Patricia Hartge is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Patricia Hartge rather than just read about it. In short: Patricia A. Hartge is an American cancer epidemiologist who conducted genome-wide association studies on ovarian cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, melanoma, and other malignancies.

Key takeaways

Patricia Hartge belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Patricia Hartge to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Patricia Hartge from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Patricia A. Hartge is an American cancer epidemiologist who conducted genome-wide association studies on ovarian cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, melanoma, and other malignancies. From 1996 to 2013, Hartge was deputy director of the epidemiology and biostatistics program in the division of cancer epidemiology and genetics at the National Cancer Institute.

Life Hartge completed a bachelor's degree at Radcliffe College and a M.A. in economics at Yale University. She was a research associate for two years at the Boston Children's Hospital. She was hired by Joseph F. Fraumeni Jr. and Robert Hoover to join the National Cancer Institute (NCI). She completed a Sc.M. (1976) and Sc.D. (1983) at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Her dissertation was titled A case-control study of bladder cancer. During the mid-1980s into the 1990s, her supervisor, Fraumeni Jr., allowed Hartge, and her colleagues Debra T. Silverman and Shelia Hoar Zahm to all work part-time so they could raise families. Hartge made methodological contributions to epidemiology, from the first application of random digit dialing in the 1970s to conducting genome-wide association studies (GWAS) today. During her tenure at National Institutes of Health (NIH), she carried out research on ovarian cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, melanoma and other malignancies. In 1996, she became deputy director of the NCI epidemiology and biostatistics program in the division of cancer epidemiology and genetics (DCEG) . She was an architect of international, interdisciplinary, multi-institutional consortia in cancer epidemiology, including InterLymph and the NCI Cohort Consortium. Hartge retired in 2013 after 36 years with NCI.

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Patricia Hartge

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Patricia Hartge claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Patricia Hartge before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Patricia Hartge ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Patricia Hartge

In research: Patricia Hartge appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Patricia Hartge in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Patricia Hartge is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 20th-century American women scientists, 21st-century American women scientists, American epidemiologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Patricia Hartge outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

Ask Teacher Smith questions about this articleOpens your AI tutor with a question about “Patricia Hartge” →

Affiliate

Preply — study more efficiently by working with a personal tutor. 50% off.

How to study Patricia Hartge in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Patricia Hartge means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Patricia Hartge out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Patricia Hartge in simple terms?

Patricia A. Hartge is an American cancer epidemiologist who conducted genome-wide association studies on ovarian cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, melanoma, and other malignancies.

Why does Patricia Hartge matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Patricia Hartge?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Patricia Hartge.