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astronomy

Paul Schultz Martin

Paul Schultz Martin is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Paul Schultz Martin rather than just read about it. In short: Paul Schultz Martin (born in Allentown, Pennsylvania in 1928, died in Tucson, Arizona September 13, 2010) was an American geoscientist at the University of Arizona who developed the theory that the Pleistocene extinction of large mammals worldwide was caused by overhunting by humans. Martin's work bridged the fields of ecology, anthropology, geosciences, and paleontology.

Paul Schultz Martin — main illustration
Paul Schultz Martin — illustration

Key takeaways

  • Paul Schultz Martin belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
  • Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
  • Connect Paul Schultz Martin to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
  • Reproduce the core statement of Paul Schultz Martin from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Paul Schultz Martin (born in Allentown, Pennsylvania in 1928, died in Tucson, Arizona September 13, 2010) was an American geoscientist at the University of Arizona who developed the theory that the Pleistocene extinction of large mammals worldwide was caused by overhunting by humans. Martin's work bridged the fields of ecology, anthropology, geosciences, and paleontology. In 1953, Martin received his bachelor's degree in zoology from Cornell University. In 1953 and 1956 he completed his master's and doctorate programs at the University of Michigan and then proceeded with postdoctoral research at Yale University and the University of Montreal. Martin's early interest embraced ornithology and herpetology and he conducted extensive fieldwork from 1948 to 1953 in Tamaulipas, Mexico. He published biogeographies on the birds of the Sierra de Tamaulipas and the herpetofauna of the Gómez Farias (= El Cielo) region of Tamaulipas, the latter considered "a classic treatise in historical biogeography". A case of polio, contracted while doing undergraduate field work in Mexico, forced Martin to rely on a cane, which restricted but did not end his field work. He joined the faculty of the University of Arizona in 1957, maintaining his office (and his ongoing collaborations and regional fieldwork) at the university's Desert Laboratory when he became emeritus professor in 1989.

Overkill hypothesis

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Paul Schultz Martin: Paul Martin at Rampart Cave, home of the Shasta ground sloth in Grand Canyon, ca. 1975
Paul Martin at Rampart Cave, home of the Shasta ground sloth in Grand Canyon, ca. 1975
Paul Schultz Martin: Martin's depiction of asynchronous megafaunal extinctions as evidence of newly arriving weaponized humans as the primary cause.[13]
Martin's depiction of asynchronous megafaunal extinctions as evidence of newly arriving weaponized humans as the primary cause.[13]
Paul Schultz Martin: Paul Martin's "overkill hypothesis" prevails over the climate hypothesis when the timing of megafaunal extinctions in different locales is considered — especially when paired with time of first arrival by humans.[14][15]
Paul Martin's "overkill hypothesis" prevails over the climate hypothesis when the timing of megafaunal extinctions in different locales is considered — especially when paired with time of first arrival by humans.[14][15]
Paul Schultz Martin: Paul Schultz Martin, 2008, holding a dungball of the extinct Shasta Ground Sloth, with whom Martin claimed to have "a totem relationship."[39]
Paul Schultz Martin, 2008, holding a dungball of the extinct Shasta Ground Sloth, with whom Martin claimed to have "a totem relationship."[39]
Paul Schultz Martin: Native fruits of North America with anachronistic features.[49]
Native fruits of North America with anachronistic features.[49]

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Paul Schultz Martin

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Paul Schultz Martin claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Paul Schultz Martin before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Paul Schultz Martin ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Paul Schultz Martin

In research
Paul Schultz Martin appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry
Engineering practice reuses Paul Schultz Martin in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom
Paul Schultz Martin is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1928 births, 2010 deaths, American paleontologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life
Look for Paul Schultz Martin outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.
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How to study Paul Schultz Martin in 20 minutes

  1. Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
  2. Close the page and write down what Paul Schultz Martin means in your own words.
  3. Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
  4. Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
  5. Explain Paul Schultz Martin out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Paul Schultz Martin in simple terms?

Paul Schultz Martin (born in Allentown, Pennsylvania in 1928, died in Tucson, Arizona September 13, 2010) was an American geoscientist at the University of Arizona who developed the theory that the Pleistocene extinction of large mammals worldwide was caused by overhunting by humans. Martin's work…

Why does Paul Schultz Martin matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Paul Schultz Martin?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Paul Schultz Martin.

Tags

  • 1928 births
  • 2010 deaths
  • American paleontologists
  • American zoologists
  • Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences alumni
  • Educators from Allentown, Pennsylvania
  • Geobiologists
  • People from Tucson, Arizona
  • Polio survivors
  • Scientists from Allentown, Pennsylvania
  • University of Arizona faculty
  • University of Michigan alumni

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