astronomy

Paul Sigler

Paul Sigler is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Paul Sigler rather than just read about it. In short: Paul B. Sigler ((1934-02-19)February 19, 1934 – (2000-01-11)January 11, 2000) was the Henry Ford II Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry at Yale University.

Key takeaways

Paul Sigler belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Paul Sigler to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Paul Sigler from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Paul B. Sigler ((1934-02-19)February 19, 1934 – (2000-01-11)January 11, 2000) was the Henry Ford II Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry at Yale University. Major awards included membership in the National Academy of Sciences, HHMI Investigator status, and Guggenheim and Helen Hay Whitney Fellowships. He is noted for pioneering studies of Phospholipase A2 and trp repressor amongst many others.

Biography Prior to coming to Yale, he was a professor at the University of Chicago. He received his MD from Columbia University in 1959 and his undergraduate degree from Princeton University in 1955. After briefly practicing medicine and working as a researcher for the NIH, he would go on to earn a second doctorate, a PhD, from Cambridge University at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology working under David M. Blow before moving to the University of Chicago.

Memorials A memorial plaque is located in front of the Bass Center for Structural Biology on Science Hill on the campus of Yale University. Yale has a Paul Sigler Memorial Prize for undergraduate research in Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry. Yale also has sponsored Paul Sigler memorial symposia in the past. The Agouron Institute sponsored 12 Paul Sigler fellowships between 2000 and 2006.

Death Paul Sigler died on January 11, 2000, at New Haven, Connecticut, US, about a month before his 66th birthday.

Selected publications Lambright, David G.; Sondek, John; Bohm, Andrew; Skiba, Nikolai P.; Hamm, Heidi E.; Sigler, Paul B. (1996). "The 2.0 Å crystal structure of a heterotrimeric G protein". Nature. 379 (6563): 311–9. Bibcode:1996Natur.379..311L. doi:10.1038/379311a0. PMID 8552184. S2CID 4350943. Luisi, B. F.; Xu, W. X.; Otwinowski, Z.; Freedman, L. P.; Yamamoto, K. R.; Sigler, P. B. (1991). "Crystallographic analysis of the interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor with DNA". Nature. 352 (6335): 497–505. Bibcode:1991Natur.352..497L. doi:10.1038/352497a0. PMID 1865905. S2CID 1919276. Braig, Kerstin; Otwinowski, Zbyszek; Hegde, Rashmi; Boisvert, David C.; Joachimiak, Andrzej; Horwich, Arthur L.; Sigler, Paul B. (1994). "The crystal structure of the bacterial chaperonln GroEL at 2.8 Å". Nature. 371 (6498): 578–86. Bibcode:1994Natur.371..578B. doi:10.1038/371578a0. PMID 7935790. S2CID 4341993. Kim, Youngchang; Geiger, James. H.; Hahn, Steven; Sigler, Paul B. (1993). "Crystal structure of a yeast TBP/TATA-box complex". Nature. 365 (6446): 512–20. Bibcode:1993Natur.365..512K. doi:10.1038/365512a0. PMID 8413604. S2CID 4336203. Vinson, C.; Sigler, P.; McKnight, S. (1989). "Scissors-grip model for DNA recognition by a family of leucine zipper proteins". Science. 246 (4932): 911–6. Bibcode:1989Sci...246..911V. doi:10.1126/science.2683088. PMID 2683088. Otwinowski, Z; Schevitz, R. W.; Zhang, R. G.; Lawson, C. L.; Joachimiak, A; Marmorstein, R. Q.; Luisi, B. F.; Sigler, P. B. (1988). "Crystal structure of trp repressor/operator complex at atomic resolution". Nature. 335 (6188): 321–9. Bibcode:1988Natur.335..321O. doi:10.1038/335321a0. PMID 3419502. S2CID 9358980.

See also List of Guggenheim Fellowships awarded in 1974 List of University of Chicago people

References

Further reading Saxon, Wolfgang (15 January 2000). "New York Times Obit". The New York Times. "Yale obit". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-01-02. "(IUCr) Paul B. Sigler (1934-2000)". "Paul Sigler (1934-2000) MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology". Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2016-01-10. Brian W. Matthews (2000). "Obituary: Paul Sigler (1934–2000)". Nature. 403 (6772): 848. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..848M. doi:10.1038/35002722. PMID 10706270. S2CID 205004640. Henderson, Richard (2000). "Paul Sigler: A structural biologist with passion". Nature Structural Biology. 7 (4): 271–272. doi:10.1038/74024. S2CID 34789342. Jeruzalmi, David; Kuriyan, John; Doudna, Jennifer (2000). "Paul Sigler (1934–2000)". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 25 (5): 221–2. doi:10.1016/S0968-0004(00)01587-5. PMID 10782089. Horwich, A; Joachimiak, A (2000). "Paul Sigler (1934–2000)". Protein Science. 9 (4): 827–828. PMC 2144625. Perutz, Max (2000). "Paul Sigler (1934–2000)". Cell. 101 (1): 23–4. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)71111-2. PMID 10778852. Davies, David R (2000). "Obituary: Paul Sigler". Structure. 8 (3): R67–8. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00113-1. PMID 10745016.

External links Official website at HHMI Paul B. Sigler on AcademicTree

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Paul Sigler

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Paul Sigler claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Paul Sigler before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Paul Sigler ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Paul Sigler

In research: Paul Sigler appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Paul Sigler in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Paul Sigler is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1934 births, 2000 deaths, 20th-century American biochemists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Paul Sigler outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Paul Sigler in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Paul Sigler means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Paul Sigler out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Paul Sigler in simple terms?

Paul B. Sigler ((1934-02-19)February 19, 1934 – (2000-01-11)January 11, 2000) was the Henry Ford II Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry at Yale University.

Why does Paul Sigler matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Paul Sigler?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Paul Sigler.