biology

Pelophryne lighti

Pelophryne lighti is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Pelophryne lighti rather than just read about it. In short: Pelophryne lighti, also known as the Mindanao flathead toad or eastern Mindanao dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Philippines.

Key takeaways

Pelophryne lighti belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Pelophryne lighti to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Pelophryne lighti from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Pelophryne lighti, also known as the Mindanao flathead toad or eastern Mindanao dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Philippines.

Description Adults measure 16.3–18.5 mm (0.6–0.7 in) in snout–vent length. The tympanum is distinct and relatively large, ½–¾ of the eye diameter. The finger tips are distinctly dilated into truncate discs, whereas the tips of the outer toes are bluntly rounded. The eggs are large relative to the body size, 2–2.5 mm (0.1–0.1 in) in diameter for a 17.9-mm female, but few in number – the same female had four eggs in one ovary.

Distribution and habitat Pelophryne lighti is known from the provinces of Bohol, Samar, Leyte, and Mindanao. Its occurs in riverine areas in montane and lowland forests at elevations of 1,000–2,200 m (3,300–7,200 ft) above sea level; it can persist in slightly disturbed habitats. It inhabits arboreal microhabitats. The tadpoles are aquatic. This species can be locally common. However, it is threatened by the loss of lowland rainforest caused by agriculture and logging. It is also threatened by the pollution of mountain streams and rivers due to agricultural effluents and mine tailings. However, it is present in several protected areas.

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Pelophryne lighti

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Pelophryne lighti claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Pelophryne lighti before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Pelophryne lighti ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Pelophryne lighti

In research: Pelophryne lighti appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Pelophryne lighti in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Pelophryne lighti is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Amphibians described in 1920, Arboreal amphibians, Endemic amphibians of the Philippines, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Pelophryne lighti outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Pelophryne lighti in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Pelophryne lighti means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Pelophryne lighti out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Pelophryne lighti in simple terms?

Pelophryne lighti, also known as the Mindanao flathead toad or eastern Mindanao dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Philippines.

Why does Pelophryne lighti matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Pelophryne lighti?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Pelophryne lighti.