biology

Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase

Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase rather than just read about it. In short: In enzymology, a peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase (EC 1.8.4.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction peptide-L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } peptide-L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + thioredoxin The 3 substrates of this enzyme are peptide-L-methionine, thioredoxin disulfide, and H2O, whereas its two products are peptide-L-methionine (R)-S-oxide and thior…

Key takeaways

Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

In enzymology, a peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase (EC 1.8.4.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

peptide-L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } peptide-L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + thioredoxin The 3 substrates of this enzyme are peptide-L-methionine, thioredoxin disulfide, and H2O, whereas its two products are peptide-L-methionine (R)-S-oxide and thioredoxin. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on a sulfur group of donors with a disulfide as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is peptide-methionine:thioredoxin-disulfide S-oxidoreductase [methionine (R)-S-oxide-forming]. Other names in common use include MsrB, methionine sulfoxide reductase (ambiguous), pMSR, methionine S-oxide reductase (ambiguous), selenoprotein R, methionine S-oxide reductase (R-form oxidizing), methionine sulfoxide reductase B, SelR, SelX, PilB, and pRMsr.

References

Moskovitz J; Singh, VK; Requena, J; Wilkinson, BJ; Jayaswal, RK; Stadtman, ER (2002). "Purification and characterization of methionine sulfoxide reductases from mouse and Staphylococcus aureus and their substrate stereospecificity". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 290 (1): 62–5. Bibcode:2002BBRC..290...62M. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.6171. PMID 11779133. Taylor AB, Benglis DM, Dhandayuthapani S, Hart PJ (2003). "Structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis methionine sulfoxide reductase A in complex with protein-bound methionine". J. Bacteriol. 185 (14): 4119–26. doi:10.1128/JB.185.14.4119-4126.2003. PMC 164888. PMID 12837786. Singh VK, Moskovitz J (2003). "Multiple methionine sulfoxide reductase genes in Staphylococcus aureus: expression of activity and roles in tolerance of oxidative stress". Microbiology. 149 (Pt 10): 2739–47. doi:10.1099/mic.0.26442-0. PMID 14523107. Boschi-Muller S, Olry A, Antoine M, Branlant G (2005). "The enzymology and biochemistry of methionine sulfoxide reductases". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1703 (2): 231–8. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2004.09.016. PMID 15680231. Ezraty B, Aussel L, Barras F (2005). "Methionine sulfoxide reductases in prokaryotes". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1703 (2): 221–9. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2004.08.017. PMID 15680230. Weissbach H, Resnick L, Brot N (2005). "Methionine sulfoxide reductases: history and cellular role in protecting against oxidative damage". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1703 (2): 203–12. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2004.10.004. PMID 15680228. Kauffmann B, Aubry A, Favier F (2005). "The three-dimensional structures of peptide methionine sulfoxide reductases: current knowledge and open questions". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1703 (2): 249–60. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2004.09.008. PMID 15680233. Vougier S, Mary J, Friguet B (2003). "Subcellular localization of methionine sulphoxide reductase A (MsrA): evidence for mitochondrial and cytosolic isoforms in rat liver cells". Biochem. J. 373 (Pt 2): 531–7. doi:10.1042/BJ20030443. PMC 1223498. PMID 12693988. Dorsselear A, Branlant G (2002). "Characterization of the methionine sulfoxide reductase activities of PILB, a probable virulence factor from Neisseria meningitidis". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (14): 12016–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112350200. PMID 11812798. Sagher D, Brunell D, Hejtmancik JF, Kantorow M, Brot N, Weissbach H (2006). "Thionein can serve as a reducing agent for the methionine sulfoxide reductases". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (23): 8656–61. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.8656S. doi:10.1073/pnas.0602826103. PMC 1592241. PMID 16735467.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase

In research: Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics EC 1.8.4, Enzymes of unknown structure, Oxidoreductase stubs, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase in simple terms?

In enzymology, a peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase (EC 1.8.4.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction peptide-L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } peptide-L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + thioredoxin The 3 substrates of this enzyme are pepti…

Why does Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase.