science

Philosophische Studien

Philosophische Studien is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Philosophische Studien rather than just read about it. In short: Philosophische Studien (Philosophical Studies) was the first journal of experimental psychology, founded by Wilhelm Wundt in 1881. The first volume was published in 1900; the last, the 18th, in 1903.

Key takeaways

Philosophische Studien belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Philosophische Studien to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Philosophische Studien from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Philosophische Studien (Philosophical Studies) was the first journal of experimental psychology, founded by Wilhelm Wundt in 1881. The first volume was published in 1900; the last, the 18th, in 1903. Wundt then founded a similar volume entitled Psychologische Studien, with volumes from 1905 to 1917.

Other early psychology journals In 1887, G. Stanley Hall, who studied with Wundt in 1879, founded The American Journal of Psychology. In 1890, Hermann Ebbinghaus and Arthur König founded Zeitschrift für Psychologie , then known as Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane. In 1903, one of Wundt's habilitants, Ernst Meumann, founded Archiv für die gesamte Psychologie.

References

External links Philosophische Studien, completely digitised in the Virtual Laboratory of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Philosophische Studien

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Philosophische Studien claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Philosophische Studien before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Philosophische Studien ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Philosophische Studien

In research: Philosophische Studien appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Philosophische Studien in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Philosophische Studien is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1883 establishments in Germany, Defunct journals, Experimental psychology journals, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Philosophische Studien outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Philosophische Studien in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Philosophische Studien means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Philosophische Studien out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Philosophische Studien in simple terms?

Philosophische Studien (Philosophical Studies) was the first journal of experimental psychology, founded by Wilhelm Wundt in 1881. The first volume was published in 1900; the last, the 18th, in 1903.

Why does Philosophische Studien matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Philosophische Studien?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Philosophische Studien.