engineering

Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase

Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase rather than just read about it. In short: In enzymology, a phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.18.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + NADH + H+ + O2 ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 1-acyl-2-[(S)-12-hydroxyoleoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + NAD+ + H2O The 4 substrates of this enzyme are 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, NADH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are [[…

Key takeaways

Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

In enzymology, a phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.18.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + NADH + H+ + O2 ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 1-acyl-2-[(S)-12-hydroxyoleoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + NAD+ + H2O The 4 substrates of this enzyme are 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, NADH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are [[1-acyl-2-[(S)-12-hydroxyoleoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine]], NAD+, and H2O. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine,NADH:oxygen oxidoreductase (12-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include ricinoleic acid synthase, oleate Delta12-hydroxylase, and oleate Delta12-monooxygenase.

References

Galliard T, Stumpf PK (1966). "Fat metabolism in higher plants. 30. Enzymatic synthesis of ricinoleic acid by a microsomal preparation from developing Ricinus communis seeds". J. Biol. Chem. 241 (24): 5806–12. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)96344-1. PMID 4289003. Moreau RA; Stumpf PK (1981). "Recent Studies of the Enzymic Synthesis of Ricinoleic Acid by Developing Castor Beans". Plant Physiol. 67 (4): 672–676. doi:10.1104/pp.67.4.672. PMC 425752. PMID 16661734.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase

In research: Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics EC 1.14.18, EC 1.14 stubs, Enzymes of unknown structure, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase in simple terms?

In enzymology, a phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.18.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + NADH + H+ + O2 ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 1-acyl-2-[(S)-12-hydroxyoleoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + NAD+ + H2O The 4 su…

Why does Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase.