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chemistry

Pipazetate

Pipazetate is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Pipazetate rather than just read about it. In short: Pipazetate (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name) (brand names Dipect, Lenopect, Selvigon, Theratuss, Toraxan), or pipazethate (USANTooltip United States Adopted Name), is a 1-azaphenothiazine drug that was briefly marketed as a cough suppressant. It binds to the sigma-1 receptor with an IC50 value of 190 nM.

Pipazetate — main illustration
Pipazetate — illustration

Key takeaways

  • Pipazetate belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
  • Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
  • Connect Pipazetate to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
  • Reproduce the core statement of Pipazetate from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Pipazetate (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name) (brand names Dipect, Lenopect, Selvigon, Theratuss, Toraxan), or pipazethate (USANTooltip United States Adopted Name), is a 1-azaphenothiazine drug that was briefly marketed as a cough suppressant. It binds to the sigma-1 receptor with an IC50 value of 190 nM. It also has local anesthetic action, and in large doses can produce seizures. As the brand name Theratuss, it was approved by the FDA in 1962, on evidence of safety only. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1972 when the manufacturer, Bristol Myers Squibb, failed to produce evidence of efficacy. Clinical studies showed that it did not decrease cough frequency at recommended dosages. Infrequent side effects include nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, fatigue, rash, tachycardia and seizures.

Synthesis Note: 1-azaphenothiazine is also used for making Prothipendyl & Isothipendyl.

The reaction of 1-azaphenothiazine [261-96-1] (1) with phosgene gives 1-azaphenothiazine-10-carbonyl chloride [94231-78-4] (2). The reaction of this reactive intermediate with 2-[2-(piperidyl)ethoxy]ethanol [3603-43-8] (3) gives the ester, thus completing the synthesis of Pipazethate (4).

References

Illustrations

Pipazetate illustration
Pipazetate: Thieme Synthesis:[7] Patent:[8] Revised:[9]
Thieme Synthesis:[7] Patent:[8] Revised:[9]

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Pipazetate

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Pipazetate claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Pipazetate before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Pipazetate ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Pipazetate

In research
Pipazetate appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry
Engineering practice reuses Pipazetate in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom
Pipazetate is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1-Piperidinyl compounds, Antitussives, Carbamates, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life
Look for Pipazetate outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.
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How to study Pipazetate in 20 minutes

  1. Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
  2. Close the page and write down what Pipazetate means in your own words.
  3. Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
  4. Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
  5. Explain Pipazetate out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Pipazetate in simple terms?

Pipazetate (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name) (brand names Dipect, Lenopect, Selvigon, Theratuss, Toraxan), or pipazethate (USANTooltip United States Adopted Name), is a 1-azaphenothiazine drug that was briefly marketed as a cough suppressant. It binds to the sigma-1 receptor with an IC…

Why does Pipazetate matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Pipazetate?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Pipazetate.

Tags

  • 1-Piperidinyl compounds
  • Antitussives
  • Carbamates
  • Ethanolamines
  • Ethers
  • Pyridobenzthiazines
  • Sigma receptor modulators
  • Withdrawn drugs

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