science

Plant breeding in Nepal

Plant breeding in Nepal is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Plant breeding in Nepal rather than just read about it. In short: Plant breeding in Nepal is the art and science of improving the heredity of plants for benefit of humanity in Nepal. The major crops of Nepal include rice, wheat, maize, oil seeds and grain legumes.

Key takeaways

Plant breeding in Nepal belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Plant breeding in Nepal to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Plant breeding in Nepal from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Plant breeding in Nepal is the art and science of improving the heredity of plants for benefit of humanity in Nepal. The major crops of Nepal include rice, wheat, maize, oil seeds and grain legumes.

National Organizations Crop breeding history in Nepal started long before the establishment of research stations around the country and establishment of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur, Chitwan under Tribhuvan University. Later as a research governmental organization, Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) was established in 1991 as an autonomous organization under "Nepal Agricultural Research Council Act - 1991" to conduct agricultural research in the country to uplift the economic level of the people.

Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives The Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives is major responsible organization for agricultural development in Nepal. This consists of five divisions, two centers, one research and development council, four departments, four projects and autonomous bodies of one research council (Nepal Agriculture Research Council), four corporations and a few development committees and boards. In and under the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives there are more than 10,000 employees. Under NARC following crop research station perform crop improvement activities in Nepal.

National Rice Research Program National Wheat Research Program National Maize Research Program National Grain Legumes Research Program National Oilseeds Research Program National Sugarcane Research Program National Citrus Research Program National Potato Research Program National Jute Research Program #National Ginger Research Program Hill Crops Research Program

Department of Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Under Tribhuvan University system, IAAS Paklihawa and Lamjung and Under Agriculture and Forestry University in Rampur, Chitwan have also research on breeding major crops including rice, wheat, maize and grain legumes. A well equipped biotechnology laboratory for crop improvement is located at the Institute. Major coordinating department for plant breeding research is department of plant breeding in coordination with department of plant pathology, entomology, horticulture and agronomy.

National Rice Research Program National Rice Research Program (NRRP) is located at Hardinath, Dhanusa. This was located at Parwanipur, Bara.

National Wheat Research Program National Wheat Research Program (NWRP) was established in 1972 at Khumaltar, Lalitpur under the name of National Wheat Development Program. In 1975, it was transferred to Bhairahawa Agricultural Farm, which was established in 1960. Geographically, the station is located at 105 meters above sea level and 27°32’ north latitude and 83°25’ east longitude. It is 300 km west of capital city Kathamandu and 21 km east of Lumbini, the birthplace of Buddha. The climate at NWRP is subtropical. The recorded maximum temperature in summer is 44.6 °C and minimum temperature in winter is 4.8 °C. The average annual rain fall is 1700 mm, with maximum and minimum mean temperature of June and January is 30.8 0C and 14.7 0C respectively. NWRP station has a total of 35 hectares of land area out of which 25 hectares are utilized for wheat research and production activities and rest 10 hectares are occupied by farm roads drainage, office and residence facilities. Wheat is the third largest cereal crop in Nepal after rice and maize. Before the introduction of Mexican semi-dwarf wheat varieties, wheat cultivation in Nepal was limited to mid and far-western hills only and it was considered as a minor cereal in the country. After the introduction of semi-dwarf varieties from Mexico, the area and production of wheat in Nepal has been increased dramatically and now it has significant contribution to the national food supply. In 1965/66, wheat area in the country was 100,000 ha and the production was 112,000 metric tons. In 2006/07, its area and production have increased to 702664 ha and 1515139 metric tons respectively. The present national average wheat productivity is 2156 kg/ha. Wheat is cultivated in 20 percent of the total cultivated land area and contributes 18.8 percent to the total national cereal production. Per capita wheat consumption has increased from 17.4 kg in 1972 at the time of NWRP establishment to 60 kg in 2007. In Terai, as irrigation facility is steadily increasing there is still ample opportunity to expand the wheat area where the lands remain fallow after rice harvesting.

National Oilseed Research Program National Oilseed Development Program was established on April 14, 1976 (Baishakh 02, 2033 BS) for the research and development of the oilseeds in the country. After the inception of Nepal Agricultural Research Council in 1990 (2048 BS) it was renamed as National Oilseed Research Program (NORP). This program is situated in Nawalpur in Sarlahi District. Oilseed research in Nepal was started systematically with the establishment this program. NORP is located at Netragunj Village Development Committee in ward no. 6, Nawalpur. It is located on east west national highway. It lies at 27° 3' 86" north latitude and 85° 35' 52" east longitude and at an elevation of 144 masl.

National Agricultural Research and Development Fund In general, National Agricultural Research and Development Fund (NARDF) is Responsible to carry out the applied researches. It was established in December 2001 under the Working Fund Act, 1986. it has targeted to support the Government, non-government, educational, private sector, civil society, cooperatives and community-based organizations to conduct agricultural research and development works. NARDF has been supporting crop improvement projects in addition to other agricultural research projects.

International Collaboration CIMMYT international and the IRRI has been collaborating actively with NARC and IAAS in wheat and rice improvement programs.

References

External links Nepal Agricultural Research Council official website List of genotypes and rice cultivars released in Nepal Genetic base of wheat cultivars recommended in Nepal Genetic base wheat in Nepal National Agriculture Research and Development Fund official site Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council Journal of Maize Research and Development

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Plant breeding in Nepal

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Plant breeding in Nepal claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Plant breeding in Nepal before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Plant breeding in Nepal ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Plant breeding in Nepal

In research: Plant breeding in Nepal appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Plant breeding in Nepal in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Plant breeding in Nepal is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Economy of Nepal, Plant breeding, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Plant breeding in Nepal outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

Ask Teacher Smith questions about this articleOpens your AI tutor with a question about “Plant breeding in Nepal” →

Affiliate

Preply — study more efficiently by working with a personal tutor. 50% off.

How to study Plant breeding in Nepal in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Plant breeding in Nepal means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Plant breeding in Nepal out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Plant breeding in Nepal in simple terms?

Plant breeding in Nepal is the art and science of improving the heredity of plants for benefit of humanity in Nepal. The major crops of Nepal include rice, wheat, maize, oil seeds and grain legumes.

Why does Plant breeding in Nepal matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Plant breeding in Nepal?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Plant breeding in Nepal.