chemistry

Polymer Char

Polymer Char is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Polymer Char rather than just read about it. In short: Polymer Char is a company which designs and manufactures instrumentation for polymer analysis. History Polymer Char was founded by B.

Key takeaways

Polymer Char belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Polymer Char to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Polymer Char from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Polymer Char is a company which designs and manufactures instrumentation for polymer analysis.

History Polymer Char was founded by B. Monrabal in 1992 in the Valencia Technology Park, in Spain, being registered with the name of Polymer Characterization, S.A. Its initial goal was to develop a commercial Crystallization Analysis Fractionation (CRYSTAF) instrument based on technology developed by Monrabal at Dow Chemical Company laboratories in the Netherlands to measure chemical composition distribution in semicrystalline polymers. A CRYSTAF prototype was presented at Pittcon in 1994. The first product was acquired in 1995 by a petrochemical company in South Korea. The company has also developed techniques and instruments for polymer characterization, and more specifically, for polyolefin (polyethylene and polypropylene) characterization. Polymer Char's technology is present in the petrochemical and research and development industries in over 20 countries in North America, South America, Europe, Africa, and Asia.

Analytical instrumentation The company develops analytical instruments for polymer analysis.

Chemical composition distribution Chemical composition distribution (CCD) together with the molar mass distribution (MMD) and their interdependence define the microstructure of a polyolefin. CCD is often the most discriminating feature of a complex polyolefin. Some instruments in Polymer Char's range are available for this purpose:

Crystallization analysis fractionation (CRYSTAF): instrument intended for the fast measurement of the chemical composition distribution (CCD) in polyolefins (crystallization analysis fractionation). Temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF): for the characterization of CCD in polyolefins. Crystallization elution fractionation (CEF): high-throughput chemical composition distribution analyzer by CEF TGIC: technique for the analysis of low crystallinity polyolefins implemented by a fully automated instrument. Molar mass distribution GPC-IR: high temperature gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for polyolefin molar mass distribution. It works with concentration and composition detectors (infrared), viscometer and light scattering. GPC One: GPC calculations software. Data Unit 200: signals device for gel permeation chromatography instruments. GPC-QC: simplified and fully automated GPC instrument aimed at control laboratories in polyolefin production plants. Intrinsic viscosity IVA: automated instrument for intrinsic viscosity analysis of polymers with dissolution temperature up to 200 °C. Bivariate distribution Cross-fractionation chromatography(CFC) instrument to analyze the polyolefin bivariate distribution by TREF and gel permeation chromatography. SGIC 2D: 3D results with the advantages of using an IR detector for this new tool aimed at polyolefin characterization. Preparative fractionation PREP mc2: preparative instrument to fractionate polymers by molar mass or composition (TREF or CRYSTAF). PREP C20: a column-based preparative fractionation instrument, capable to fractionate up to 20 grams of polymer. Soluble fraction CRYSTEX: instrument intended to measure the amorphous fraction of polypropylene and ethylene-propylene copolymers, for quality control laboratories for polypropylene manufacturing plants. CRYSTEX QC: fully automated instrument for amorphous phase determination in PP/EP manufacturing QC laboratories. CRYSTEX 42: high-throughput system for simultaneous measurement of the soluble fraction, ethylene content and intrinsic viscosity in a fully automated process for up to 42 samples. Infrared detectors

IR4: Infrared detector for composition and concentration measurements in polyolefins for gel permeation chromatography (GPC/SEC), HPLC, TREF, etc. IR5: an infrared detector for highly demanding applications in Polymer Char instruments such as GPC-IR, HPLC, CFC and other separation techniques. Part of the techniques and instruments were developed with Petrochemical companies and Research Institutes from United States, Belgium, Finland, Germany and Japan. The company supplies in over 35 countries around the globe Analytical Services for Polymer characterization.

See also Polymer characterization Polyolefin Gel permeation chromatography / Size Exclusion Chromatography Polymer science Polymer Chemistry Chromatography

References

External links Polymer Char Official Website

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Polymer Char

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Polymer Char claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Polymer Char before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Polymer Char ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Polymer Char

In research: Polymer Char appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Polymer Char in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Polymer Char is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1992 establishments in Spain, Companies based in Valencia, Electronic test equipment manufacturers, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Polymer Char outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Polymer Char in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Polymer Char means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Polymer Char out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Polymer Char in simple terms?

Polymer Char is a company which designs and manufactures instrumentation for polymer analysis. History Polymer Char was founded by B.

Why does Polymer Char matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Polymer Char?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Polymer Char.