science

Pragmatic web

Pragmatic web is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Pragmatic web rather than just read about it. In short: The Pragmatic Web consists of the tools, practices and theories describing why and how people use information. In contrast to the Syntactic Web and Semantic Web the Pragmatic Web is not only about form or meaning of information, but about social interaction which brings about e.g. understanding or commitments.

Key takeaways

Pragmatic web belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Pragmatic web to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Pragmatic web from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Pragmatic Web consists of the tools, practices and theories describing why and how people use information. In contrast to the Syntactic Web and Semantic Web the Pragmatic Web is not only about form or meaning of information, but about social interaction which brings about e.g. understanding or commitments. The transformation of existing information into information relevant to a group of users or an individual user includes the support of how users locate, filter, access, process, synthesize and share information. Social bookmarking is an example of a group tool, end-user programmable agents are examples of individual tools. The Pragmatic Web idea is rooted in the Language/action perspective.

Further reading Hans Weigand, Adrian Paschke: The Pragmatic Web: Putting Rules in Context. RuleML 2012: 182–192 (paper), (presentation) Adrian Paschke, Harold Boley, Alexander Kozlenkov, Benjamin Larry Craig: Rule responder: RuleML-based agents for distributed collaboration on the pragmatic web. ICPW 2007: 17–28 (paper), (presentation) Adrian Paschke and Harold Boley. Rule Responder: Rule-based Agents for the Semantic-Pragmatic Web. International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, 20(6):1043–1081, 2011, doi:10.1142/S0218213011000528. (paper) Paola Di Maio (2008) "The Missing Pragmatic Link on the Semantic Web", in: Business Intelligence Advisory Service Executive Update 8 (7) Alexander Repenning & James (2003) Sullivan "The Pragmatic Web: Agent-Based Multimodal Web Interaction" Munindar P. Singh (2004) "The Pragmatic Web: Preliminary Thoughts" in Proc. of the NSF-EU Workshop on Database and Information Systems Research for Semantic Web and Enterprises, April 3–5, Amicalolo Falls and State Schoop, M.; de Moor, A.; Dietz, J. (2006) "The pragmatic web: a manifesto", CACM 49 (5) Mareike Schoop, Aldo De Moor, Jan Dietz eds. (2006) Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Pragmatic Web, 2006, 21–23 September 2006, Stuttgart, Germany Proceedings ICPW'07: 2nd International Conference on the Pragmatic Web, 22–23 Oct. 2007, Tilburg: NL. (Eds.) Buckingham Shum, S., Lind, M. and Weigand, H. ISBN 1-59593-859-1 & ISBN 978-1-59593-859-6. Published in: ACM Digital Library & Open University ePrint 9275 Pär J. Ågerfalk, Harry S. Delugach, Mikael Lind (Eds.): Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Pragmatic Web, ICPW 2008, Uppsala, Sweden, November 28–30, 2008. ACM 2008 ACM International Conference Proceeding Series ISBN 978-1-60558-354-9 Adrian Paschke, Hans Weigand, Wernher Behrendt, Klaus Tochtermann, Tassilo Pellegrini (Eds.) 5th International Conference on Semantic Systems and 4th AIS SigPrag International Pragmatic Web Conference Track (ICPW 2009), Graz, Austria, September 2–4, 2009. Proceedings of I-KNOW ’09, I-SEMANTICS ’09, ICPW'09 2009 ISBN 978-3-85125-060-2 Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz ( pdf, html, rdf) Paschke, Adrian and Henze, Nicola and Pellegrini, Tassilo and Weigand, Hans: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Semantic Systems and the 5th International Conference on Pragmatic Web, Year of Publication: 2010, ISBN 978-1-4503-0014-8, Publisher:ACM Adrian Paschke and Hans Weigand: 6th AIS SigPrag International Conference on Pragmatic Web (ICPW 2011), published in Chiara Ghidini, Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo, Stefanie N. Lindstaedt, Tassilo Pellegrini (Eds.): Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Semantic Systems, 7–9 September 2011, Messecongress|Graz, Austria, ACM 2011 ACM International Conference Proceeding Series ISBN 978-1-4503-0621-8 Adrian Paschke and Hans Weigand (Track Chairs): 7th AIS SigPrag International Conference on Pragmatic Web (ICPW 2012) – Track: Rule-Based Policies and Agents on the Pragmatic Web, published in Antonis Bikakis, Adrian Giurca (Eds.): Rules on the Web: Research and Applications - 6th International Symposium, RuleML 2012, Montpellier, France, August 27–29, 2012. Proceedings. Springer 2012 Lecture Notes in Computer Science ISBN 978-3-642-32688-2

External links www.pragmaticweb.info Vi-Fi (“Visible - Findable”) - how to describe and to search sites with standard and universal semantic-pragmatic tree: Semantic Web as Pragmatic Web

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Pragmatic web

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Pragmatic web claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Pragmatic web before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Pragmatic web ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Pragmatic web

In research: Pragmatic web appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Pragmatic web in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Pragmatic web is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Semantic Web, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Pragmatic web outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Pragmatic web in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Pragmatic web means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Pragmatic web out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Pragmatic web in simple terms?

Why does Pragmatic web matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Pragmatic web?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Pragmatic web.