science

Production Corporation Polyot

Production Corporation Polyot is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Production Corporation Polyot rather than just read about it. In short: Production Association Polyot (Russian: Производственное объединение «Полёт», lit. 'flying, flight') is a Russian aerospace engineering state corporation best known for being the manufacturer of GLONASS satellites and the Kosmos-3M space launch vehicle. The company is based in Omsk, in the Russian Federation.

Key takeaways

Production Corporation Polyot belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Production Corporation Polyot to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Production Corporation Polyot from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Production Association Polyot (Russian: Производственное объединение «Полёт», lit. 'flying, flight') is a Russian aerospace engineering state corporation best known for being the manufacturer of GLONASS satellites and the Kosmos-3M space launch vehicle. The company is based in Omsk, in the Russian Federation. In 2007, the company was integrated into the Khrunichev enterprise. Its full name is "Polyot" Manufacturing Corporation – A Branch of The Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center".

Overview The Kosmos-3M launch vehicle, produced at the company since 1969, has established a reputation as one of the most reliable rockets in its class with a reliability coefficient of 0.97. Polyot also develops navigation satellites, such as Nadezhda, Parus, GLONASS and GLONASS-M. In the aviation sector, the company's products include the AN-3T light multi-purpose aircraft, AN-70 transport aircraft and the AN-74 multi-purpose aircraft. PC Polyot is slated to produce the upcoming URM-1 first stage of the Angara, a part of Khrunichev's new Angara rocket family. The Angara is projected to become Russia's primary unmanned launch vehicle in the future. As of 2009, the company was also planned to eventually take over the production of the Briz-KM upper stage, which was then used on the Rockot launch vehicle. This module will function as the second stage of the Angara 1.2 launch vehicle. In 2009, it was expected that, by 2015, 60 URM stages would be produced at the company annually for Angara-3.2 and Angara 1.2 rockets. In the event, this was not achieved as production-level Angara flights were delayed by over half a decade from the plan to begin flying in 2015. The company entered a partnership with the German company OHB-System, providing the Kosmos-3M launch vehicle as well as designing and producing satellite platforms for OHB-System's Orbcomm project. Six such satellites were launched on 19 June 2008 with the Kosmos-3M rocket: one Orbcomm CDS weighing 80 kg, and five Orbcomm Quick Launches weighing 115 kg each. On November 9, 2009 Orbcomm filed a report to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission stating that since launch, communications capability for three of the quick-launch satellites and the CDS has been lost. The failed satellites experienced attitude control system anomalies as well as anomalies with its power systems, which resulted in the satellites losing their proper orientation toward the sun and in reduced power generation. The company has filed a $50 million claim with its insurers covering the loss of all six satellites and received $44.5 million in compensation. In 2009, Orbcomm turned to another satellite manufacturer to build 18 satellites for its second-generation constellation.

Polyot was supposed to begin production of an ekranoplan called Ivolga (Oriole).

Awards June 17, 1961 - Order of Lenin July 2, 1945 - Order of the Red Banner of Labour December 16, 1971 - Order of the October Revolution

See also United Rocket and Space Corporation

References

External links Company website

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Production Corporation Polyot

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Production Corporation Polyot claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Production Corporation Polyot before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Production Corporation Polyot ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Production Corporation Polyot

In research: Production Corporation Polyot appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Production Corporation Polyot in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Production Corporation Polyot is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Aerospace companies of the Soviet Union, Aircraft manufacturers of the Soviet Union, Companies based in Omsk, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Production Corporation Polyot outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Production Corporation Polyot in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Production Corporation Polyot means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Production Corporation Polyot out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Production Corporation Polyot in simple terms?

Why does Production Corporation Polyot matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Production Corporation Polyot?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Production Corporation Polyot.