science

Progress M-10M

Progress M-10M is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Progress M-10M rather than just read about it. In short: Progress M-10M (Russian: Прогресс М-10М), identified by NASA as Progress 42P, is a Progress spacecraft which was launched on 27 April 2011 to resupply the International Space Station. It was the tenth Progress-M 11F615A60 spacecraft to be launched, and has the serial number 410.

Key takeaways

Progress M-10M belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Progress M-10M to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Progress M-10M from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Progress M-10M (Russian: Прогресс М-10М), identified by NASA as Progress 42P, is a Progress spacecraft which was launched on 27 April 2011 to resupply the International Space Station. It was the tenth Progress-M 11F615A60 spacecraft to be launched, and has the serial number 410. The spacecraft was manufactured by RKK Energia, and is operated by the Russian Federal Space Agency. On 29 April 2011, it arrived at the space station's Pirs Docking Compartment during Expedition 27.

Launch Progress M-10M lifted off from launch pad number 1 of the Baikonur cosmodrome at 13:05 UTC on 27 April 2011. Progress M-10M achieved the preliminary planned orbit after nine minutes of the launch. Onboard commands were issued to unfurl the spacecraft's communications and navigation antennas and extend two power-generating solar arrays. A series of engine firings over the next two days guided the spacecraft toward a linkup with the International Space Station (ISS).

Docking Progress M-10M autonomously flew for two days after the launch and arrived at the ISS on 29 April 2011, successfully docking to the nadir port of the Pirs at 14:19 UTC. The docking occurred as the two spacecraft were traveling 354 kilometres over western Mongolia. The linkup happened just over five hours before NASA's first launch attempt of the Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-134 mission. The shuttle launch was scrubbed because two heaters on one of Endeavour's auxiliary power units failed.

Cargo

Inventory Total cargo mass delivered: 2645 kg

Undocking and decay

Progress M-10M undocked nominally at 09:04 UTC on 29 October 2011 from the nadir port of the Pirs Docking Compartment after hooks open command at 09:01 UTC. An automated 15 seconds separation burn followed at 09:07 UTC. The cargo ship, loaded with trash, performed its 3-minute deorbit burn at 12:10:30 UTC. It entered the Earth's atmosphere at 12:48 UTC and burned up at 12:54 UTC. Surviving debris impacted in the Pacific Ocean at around 13:00 UTC. With the Progress M-10M undocking, the Space Station was in a very rare configuration of having only one Russian vehicle docked (Soyuz TMA-02M at Rassvet Module). The last time this situation occurred was in March 2009.

References

External links

Progress M-10M (42P) ISS resupply craft

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Progress M-10M

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Progress M-10M claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Progress M-10M before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Progress M-10M ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Progress M-10M

In research: Progress M-10M appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Progress M-10M in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Progress M-10M is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Progress (spacecraft) missions, Spacecraft launched by Soyuz-U rockets, Spacecraft launched in 2011, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Progress M-10M outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Progress M-10M in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Progress M-10M means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Progress M-10M out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Progress M-10M in simple terms?

Why does Progress M-10M matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Progress M-10M?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Progress M-10M.