science

Progress M-19M

Progress M-19M is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Progress M-19M rather than just read about it. In short: Progress M-19M (Russian: Прогресс М-19М), identified by NASA as Progress 51P, is a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station during 2013. Progress M-19M was launched on a standard 2-day rendezvous profile towards the ISS.

Key takeaways

Progress M-19M belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Progress M-19M to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Progress M-19M from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Progress M-19M (Russian: Прогресс М-19М), identified by NASA as Progress 51P, is a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station during 2013. Progress M-19M was launched on a standard 2-day rendezvous profile towards the ISS. The 19th Progress-M 11F615A60 spacecraft to be launched, it had the serial number 419 and was built by RKK Energia.

Launch The spacecraft was launched on time at 10:12:16 UTC on 24 April 2013 by a Soyuz-U carrier rocket flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. The Progress spacecraft made it safely to orbit and deployed its solar arrays as planned. However one of the spacecraft's Kurs antenna, used for approach and docking, failed to deploy at the scheduled time.

Docking

Progress M-19M achieved soft docking with the ISS on April 26 at 12:25 UTC to the back docking port of the Zvezda Service Module, and hard docking was complete at 12:26:18 UTC. Due to the failure of the deployment of one of the spacecraft's Kurs antenna, a software patch was sent up from Russian controllers to bypass restrictions on the Kurs approach. The manual TORU system on standby with cosmonauts Roman Romanenko and Pavel Vinogradov on the controls in case of a Kurs failure. In the end the automated rendezvous and docking operation procedures using the Kurs docking system aboard the ISS and the Progress was used, although the docking velocity was slower than normal to give engineers a good look at the antenna through the station's camera system. During the docking the ISS and Progress M-19M were orbiting 420 kilometres (260 mi) above the Kazakhstan-China border. The Expedition 35 crew opened the hatches and entered the Progress later on the day.

Cargo Progress M-19M delivered about 365 kilograms (805 lb) of propellant, 48 kilograms (106 lb) of oxygen and air, 410 kilograms (900 lb) of water and about 1,543 kilograms (3,402 lb) of spare parts, scientific equipment and other supplies (dry cargo) to the Space Station.

Undocking and decay Progress M-19M undocked from Zvezda module of the ISS on 11 June 2013 at 13:58 UTC. The undocking paved the way for European Space Agency's ATV-4 Albert Einstein to subsequently dock with the ISS. Soon after the undocking, Progress M-19M entered an independent orbit to begin a one-week free flight and conducted the Radar-Progress experiment. The goal of the Radar-Progress experiment (also conducted on previous Progress flights) is to investigate the density, size and reflectivity of the ionosphere environment around the spacecraft due to engine burns. During the experiment, the spacecraft was tracked by the Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Irkutsk. At the end Radar-Progress experiment, on 19 June 2013 at 13:39 UTC, Progress M-19M performed a deorbit burn maneuver using the S5.80 engine of the RTDU-80 main propulsion system. The mission came to an end when the cargo ship performed destructive re-entry and plunged into the Pacific Ocean at 14:40 UTC, on 19 June 2013.

References

External links Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics Archived 14 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Progress M-19M

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Progress M-19M claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Progress M-19M before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Progress M-19M ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Progress M-19M

In research: Progress M-19M appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Progress M-19M in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Progress M-19M is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Progress (spacecraft) missions, Spacecraft launched by Soyuz-U rockets, Spacecraft launched in 2013, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Progress M-19M outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Progress M-19M in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Progress M-19M means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Progress M-19M out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Progress M-19M in simple terms?

Why does Progress M-19M matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Progress M-19M?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Progress M-19M.