science

Progress M-28M

Progress M-28M is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Progress M-28M rather than just read about it. In short: Progress M-28M (Russian: Прогресс М-28М), identified by NASA as Progress 60P was a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2015. It was launched on 3 July 2015, less than a week following the failure of SpaceX CRS-7 and the previous failure of Progress M-27M to deliver cargo to the ISS.

Key takeaways

Progress M-28M belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Progress M-28M to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Progress M-28M from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Progress M-28M (Russian: Прогресс М-28М), identified by NASA as Progress 60P was a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2015. It was launched on 3 July 2015, less than a week following the failure of SpaceX CRS-7 and the previous failure of Progress M-27M to deliver cargo to the ISS. The 28th Progress-M 11F615A60 spacecraft launched has the serial number 428 and was built by RKK Energia.

Launch The spacecraft was launched on 3 July 2015 at 04:55 UTC from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

Docking Progress M-28M docked with the Pirs docking compartment on 5 July 2015 at 07:11 UTC. The spacecraft undocked from the station on 19 December 2015 at 07:35 UTC.

Cargo

The Progress spacecraft carries 2381 kg of cargo and supplies to the International Space Station. The craft is delivering food, fuel and supplies, including 520 kg of propellant, 48 kg of oxygen and air, 420 kg of water, and 1393 kg of spare parts, supplies and experiment hardware for the six members of the Expedition 44 crew. Progress M-28M is scheduled to remain docked to Pirs for about four months.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Progress M-28M

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Progress M-28M claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Progress M-28M before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Progress M-28M ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Progress M-28M

In research: Progress M-28M appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Progress M-28M in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Progress M-28M is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 2015 in Russia, Progress (spacecraft) missions, Russian spacecraft stubs, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Progress M-28M outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Progress M-28M in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Progress M-28M means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Progress M-28M out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Progress M-28M in simple terms?

Why does Progress M-28M matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Progress M-28M?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Progress M-28M.