Proliferating trichilemmal cysts (also known as a pilar tumor, proliferating follicular cystic neoplasm, proliferating pilar tumor, and proliferating trichilemmal tumor) is a cutaneous condition, characterized by proliferations of squamous cells forming scroll-like structures.
Signs and symptoms The tumors, which are typically found in regions like the scalp with a high density of hair follicles, can be solid or solid cystic. Proliferating trichilemmal cyst frequently manifests clinically as a subcutaneous nodule that gradually grows into a big nodular mass. Rapid growth in some cases may be a sign of malignant development into cancer.
Diagnosis Histologically, Proliferating trichilemmal cysts are distinguished by trichilemmal keratinization, which is the sudden change from nucleated epithelium to anucleated keratinized cells without a granular layer. The differential diagnosis include trichilemmal cyst and Turban tumor.
Treatment Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for proliferating trichilemmal cysts.
Epidemiology Proliferating trichilemmal cysts make up 0.1% of all skin tumors. Most patients with these tumors are older women, and 90% of patients with these lesions appear on the scalp.
See also Trichilemmal cyst List of skin conditions
References
Further reading Kearns-Turcotte, Sélia; Thériault, Mimi; Blouin, Marie-Michèle (2022). "Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumors arising in patients with multiple trichilemmal cysts: A case series". JAAD Case Reports. 22. Elsevier BV: 42–46. doi:10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.01.033. ISSN 2352-5126. PMC 8924508. PMID 35310136. Sharma, Reena; Verma, Prashant; Yadav, Pravesh; Sharma, Sonal (2012). "Proliferating trichilemmal tumor of scalp: Benign or malignant, A dilemma". Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery. 5 (3). Medknow: 213. doi:10.4103/0974-2077.101394. ISSN 0974-2077. PMC 3483585.
External links DermNet Pathology Outlines
