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R. James Milgram

R. James Milgram is a mathematics topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand R. James Milgram rather than just read about it. In short: Richard James Milgram (born 5 December 1939 in South Bend, Indiana) is an American mathematician, specializing in algebraic topology. He is the son of mathematician Arthur Milgram.

Key takeaways

  • R. James Milgram belongs to mathematics; place it in that map before memorising details.
  • Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
  • Connect R. James Milgram to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
  • Reproduce the core statement of R. James Milgram from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Richard James Milgram (born 5 December 1939 in South Bend, Indiana) is an American mathematician, specializing in algebraic topology. He is the son of mathematician Arthur Milgram.

Biography Milgram graduated from the University of Chicago with a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in 1961. He received his doctorate in 1964 from the University of Minnesota with thesis The homology ring of symmetric products of Moore spaces under the supervision of Alfred Aeppli (1928–2008). Milgram taught from 1970 as a professor at Stanford University, where he is now emeritus. He was a visiting professor at the University of Lille (2001), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2000) in Beijing, at the University of Göttingen (1987 as Gauss Professor), and at the University of Minnesota (1986 as Ordway Professor), as well as the ETH Zurich, Edinburgh, Montreal, Barcelona, the MSRI, and the University of New Mexico. In 1974, Milgram was an Invited Speaker with talk The structure of the oriented topological and piecewise linear bordism rings at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Vancouver. He was an editor for the Pacific Journal of Mathematics from 1973 to 1983, for the Duke Mathematical Journal from 1976 to 1984, and for the A.M.S. Contemporary Mathematics series (from its inception in 1980 to 1984). In August 1999 Stanford University held a mathematical conference in his honor. His doctoral students include Gunnar Carlsson.

Research With Charles P. Boyer, Jacques Hurtubise, and Benjamin M. Mann, he proved in 1992 the Atiyah–Jones conjecture on the topology of the moduli space of instantons on spheres. He has also done research on robotics and protein folding.

Mathematics education In addition to algebraic and geometric topology, he has written on mathematics education and served on numerous committees, including the National Board for Education Sciences (since 2005). He is one of the major authors of the mathematical standards for schools in California and has advised the school authorities in Michigan, New York, and Georgia.

Selected publications R. James Milgram (15 November 2006). Unstable Homotopy from the Stable Point of View. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 368. Springer. ISBN 978-3-540-37925-6; pbk reprint of 1974 original{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) Ib Madsen; R. James Milgram (21 November 1979). The Classifying Spaces for Surgery and Cobordism of Manifolds. Annals of Mathematics Studies, No. 92. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-08226-X. Alejandro Adem; R. James Milgram (14 March 2013). Cohomology of Finite Groups. Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften, vol. 309 (2nd ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-3-662-06280-7.

References

External links "What's Wrong with U.S. Math Education? An Interview with Stanford Mathematician Jim Milgram". reasoningmind.org. September 28, 2016. "James Milgram – Common Core's Effect on Higher Education". YouTube. American Principles Project. 20 November 2013.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with R. James Milgram

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what R. James Milgram claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In mathematics, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to R. James Milgram before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about R. James Milgram ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of R. James Milgram

In research
R. James Milgram appears in mathematics research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry
Engineering practice reuses R. James Milgram in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom
R. James Milgram is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1939 births, 20th-century American male writers, 20th-century American mathematicians, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life
Look for R. James Milgram outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.
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How to study R. James Milgram in 20 minutes

  1. Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
  2. Close the page and write down what R. James Milgram means in your own words.
  3. Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
  4. Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
  5. Explain R. James Milgram out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is R. James Milgram in simple terms?

Richard James Milgram (born 5 December 1939 in South Bend, Indiana) is an American mathematician, specializing in algebraic topology. He is the son of mathematician Arthur Milgram.

Why does R. James Milgram matter?

Because it connects several mathematics ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study R. James Milgram?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on R. James Milgram.

Tags

  • 1939 births
  • 20th-century American male writers
  • 20th-century American mathematicians
  • 21st-century American Jews
  • 21st-century American male writers
  • 21st-century American mathematicians
  • American academic journal editors
  • American mathematics educators
  • American topologists
  • Jewish American scientists
  • Living people
  • Mathematicians from California

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