astronomy

Rachel Griffith

Rachel Griffith is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Rachel Griffith rather than just read about it. In short: Dame Rachel Susan Griffith (born 16 May 1963) is a British and American academic and educator. She is professor of economics at the University of Manchester and a research director at the Institute for Fiscal Studies.

Key takeaways

Rachel Griffith belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Rachel Griffith to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Rachel Griffith from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Dame Rachel Susan Griffith (born 16 May 1963) is a British and American academic and educator. She is professor of economics at the University of Manchester and a research director at the Institute for Fiscal Studies. Griffith was president of the European Economic Association for 2015, making her the first woman to hold the position. She was also joint managing editor of The Economic Journal between 2011 and 2017. Griffith holds both UK and US citizenship.

Biography Griffith earned her BA degree magna cum laude in Economics from the University of Massachusetts, Boston in 1985, her MSc degree in econometrics and forecasting from the City of London Polytechnic in 1991, and her PhD from Keele University in 1999. Griffith is currently Research Director of the IFS and co-director of the Centre for the Microeconomic Analysis of Public Policy (CPP). She was elected President of the Royal Economic Society from 2019 to 2020. She is a Fellow of the British Academy, a Fellow of the Econometric Society, a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Economic Association and a Research Fellow of CEPR. She won the Birgit Grodal Award (2014), was awarded a CBE in for services to economic policy in 2015 and was elevated to Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the 2021 New Year Honours for services to economic policy and education. She served as Deputy Chair of the Economics sub-Panel of the Research Excellence Framework. Currently, she has her second ERC Advanced Grant to study behavior of consumers and firms to see how government policy will impact food markets.

Research

Obesity Griffith's presidential address to the European Economic Association at the University of Mannheim, Germany entitled "Gluttony and Sloth? Labour Market Nonseparabilities and the Rise in Obesity", reflected her recent research into the relationship between changes in relative food prices and the nutritional quality of households’ shopping baskets.

Corporation tax In her Royal Economic Society Public Lecture 2015, "Does Starbucks Pay Enough Tax", Griffith argued that corporate tax should be charged like VAT. Griffith stated that the current system of corporate taxation is outdated and taxing corporate profits in the location where value is created is not very meaningful. She suggested taxing profits at the destination of sales rather than at the source of profits would be an improvement. Griffith cited two papers, one by Auerbach and Devereux (2012), the other by Devereux and Vella (2014), in support of her case. Griffith's previous research in this area considers how influential corporate income taxes are in determining where firms choose to legally own intellectual property, i.e. the way in which intellectual property accounts for firms' assets and if they can be used by firms to shift income offshore to reduce their corporate income tax liability.

Honours and Fellowships 1999: Research Fellow Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) 2011: Elected to the Fellowship of the British Academy (FBA). 2014: Brigit Grodal Award. 2015: Distinguished Achievement Medal - Researcher of the Year, University of Manchester Faculty of Humanities 2015: President European Economic Association 2015: The Schumpeter School Award for Business and Economic Analysis, Wuppertal Germany, 2015: Commander of the British Empire (CBE) for services to economic policy 2016: Elected as Fellow of the Econometric Society. 2017 :Elected a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS). 2018-2019: Elected President of the Royal Economic Society 2019-2021: Elected President of the Royal Economic Society

Bibliography

Thesis Griffith, Rachel (1999). Taxes, the location of multinationals and productivity: an empirical analysis using panel data (PhD thesis). University of Keele. OCLC 556724027.

Books Griffith, Rachel; Aghion, Philippe (2005). Competition and growth: reconciling theory and evidence. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 9780262012188. PREVIEW

Chapters in books Griffith, Rachel; Blundell, Richard; Windmeijer, Frank (1995), "Dynamics and correlated Responses in longitudinal count data models", in Seeber, Gilg U.H.; Francis, Brian J.; Hatzinger, Reinhold; Steckel-Berger, Gabriele (eds.), Statistical modelling: proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Statistical Modelling, Innsbruck, Austria, 10–14 July, 1995, Lecture Notes in Statistics Series: Volume 104, New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 35–42, ISBN 9780387945651 VIEW ONLINE Griffith, Rachel; Bloom, Nicholas; Chennells, Lucy; Van Reenen, John (2002), "How has tax affected the changing cost of R&D? Evidence from eight countries", in Lawton Smith, Helen (ed.), The regulation of science and technology, Houndmills, Basingstoke, UK/New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 136–160, ISBN 9780230554528 AVAILABLE ONLINE Griffith, Rachel; Simpson, Helen (2004), "Characteristics of foreign-owned firms on UK manufacturing productivity", in Card, David; Blundell, Richard; Freeman, Richard B. (eds.), Seeking a premier economy the economic effects of British economic reforms, 1980–2000, Chicago: University of Chicago Press for the NBER, pp. 147–80, ISBN 9780226092843 IFS WP01/10 PDF Griffith, Rachel; Geroski, Paul (2004), "Identifying antitrust markets", in Neumann, Manfred; Weigand, Jürgen (eds.), The international handbook of competition, Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar, pp. 290–305, ISBN 9781845423520 IFS WP03/01 PDF Griffith, Rachel; Hines, James; Sørensen, Peter Birch (2010), "International capital taxation", in Mirrlees, James (ed.), The Mirrlees Review: volume 1: dimensions of tax design (reforming the tax system for the 21st century), Oxford, UK/New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 914–1027, ISBN 9780199553754 IFS PDF See also: The Mirrlees Review.

Academic outputs Griffith, Rachel. “Product Market Competition, Creative Destruction and Innovation -.” The Institute for Fiscal Studies, 3 December 2021, ifs.org.uk/publications/15863. Griffith, Rachel. “Price Floors and Externality Correction -.” The Institute for Fiscal Studies, 15 November 2021, ifs.org.uk/publications/15827.

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Rachel Griffith

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Rachel Griffith claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Rachel Griffith before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Rachel Griffith ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Rachel Griffith

In research: Rachel Griffith appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Rachel Griffith in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Rachel Griffith is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1963 births, 20th-century American economists, 21st-century American economists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Rachel Griffith outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Rachel Griffith in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Rachel Griffith means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Rachel Griffith out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Rachel Griffith in simple terms?

Why does Rachel Griffith matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Rachel Griffith?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Rachel Griffith.