astronomy

Rainer Burkard

Rainer Burkard is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Rainer Burkard rather than just read about it. In short: Rainer Ernst Burkard (born 28 January 1943, Graz, Austria ) is an Austrian mathematician. His research interests include discrete optimization, graph theory, applied discrete mathematics, and applied number theory.

Key takeaways

Rainer Burkard belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Rainer Burkard to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Rainer Burkard from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Rainer Ernst Burkard (born 28 January 1943, Graz, Austria ) is an Austrian mathematician. His research interests include discrete optimization, graph theory, applied discrete mathematics, and applied number theory. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of Vienna in 1967 and received his habilitation from the University of Graz in 1971. From 1973–1981 Rainer Burkard was a full professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Cologne (Germany). Since 1981 Rainer Burkard is a full professor at the Graz University of Technology.

Positions held 1984-1986 Vice President of GMÖOR 1986-1988 President of the Austrian Society of Operations Research 1995-1997 EURO Vice President of IFORS 1993-1996 Dean of the Faculty of Science, Graz University of Technology 1994-1998 Member of the Council of the European Consortium of Mathematics in Industry 1991-2000 Member of the Senate of the Christian Doppler Research Society 2001-2002 Vice President of EURO

Awards Prize of the Austrian Mathematical Society in 1972 The Scientific Prize of the Society of Mathematics, Economics and Operations Research in 1991 The EURO Gold Medal 1997 Since 1998 Honorary Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Since 2011 Honorary Member of the Austrian Society of Operations Research

Books Methoden der ganzzahligen Optimierung, Springer Wien, 1972 with Ulrich Derigs: Assignment and Matching Problems: Solution Methods with FORTRAN- Programs. Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, Band 184, Berlin-New York: Springer 1980. Graph Algorithms in Computer Science. HyperCOSTOC Computer Science, Vol. 36, Hofbauer Publ., Wiener Neustadt, 1989. With Mauro Dell' Amico and Silvano Martello: Assignment Problems, SIAM, Philadelphia, 2009. ISBN 978-0-89871-663-4

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Rainer Burkard

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Rainer Burkard claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Rainer Burkard before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Rainer Burkard ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Rainer Burkard

In research: Rainer Burkard appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Rainer Burkard in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Rainer Burkard is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1943 births, Austrian mathematicians, Living people, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Rainer Burkard outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Rainer Burkard in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Rainer Burkard means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Rainer Burkard out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Rainer Burkard in simple terms?

Why does Rainer Burkard matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Rainer Burkard?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Rainer Burkard.