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Raise borer

Raise borer is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Raise borer rather than just read about it. In short: A raise borer is a machine used in underground mining, to excavate a circular hole between two levels of a mine without the use of explosives. The raise borer is set up on the upper level of the two levels to be connected, on an evenly laid platform (typically a concrete pad).

Raise borer — main illustration
Raise borer — illustration

Key takeaways

  • Raise borer belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
  • Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
  • Connect Raise borer to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
  • Reproduce the core statement of Raise borer from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

A raise borer is a machine used in underground mining, to excavate a circular hole between two levels of a mine without the use of explosives. The raise borer is set up on the upper level of the two levels to be connected, on an evenly laid platform (typically a concrete pad). A small-diameter hole (pilot hole) is drilled to the level required; the diameter of this hole is typically 230mm – 445mm (9" - 17.5"), large enough to accommodate the drill string. Once the drill has broken into the opening on the target level, the bit is removed and a reamer head, of the required diameter of the excavation, is attached to the drill string and raised back towards the machine. The drill cuttings from the reamer head fall to the floor of the lower level. The finished raise has smooth walls and may not require rock bolting or other forms of ground support. One impressive use of raise boring is the 7.1 m diameter shafts for Sasol's Middelbult and Bosjesspruit Mines in South Africa. The boxhole borer (or machine roger) is a variant of a raise borer that is used when there is not enough space on the higher of the two levels to be connected. The boxhole borer is set up on the lower level, drills a pilot hole as a guide, then drives the reamer bit along the pilot hole from the lower level to the upper. Precautions have to be taken to redirect falling drill cuttings away from the machine, and to reinforce the drill string.

See also 2010 Copiapó mining accident - Rescue

References

External links Dictionary of Mining, Mineral, and Related Terms

Illustrations

Raise borer: A schematic overview of the machinery used irony a raised boring.
A schematic overview of the machinery used irony a raised boring.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Raise borer

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Raise borer claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Raise borer before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Raise borer ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Raise borer

In research
Raise borer appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry
Engineering practice reuses Raise borer in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom
Raise borer is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Mining equipment, Mining stubs, Underground mining, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life
Look for Raise borer outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.
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How to study Raise borer in 20 minutes

  1. Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
  2. Close the page and write down what Raise borer means in your own words.
  3. Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
  4. Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
  5. Explain Raise borer out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Raise borer in simple terms?

A raise borer is a machine used in underground mining, to excavate a circular hole between two levels of a mine without the use of explosives. The raise borer is set up on the upper level of the two levels to be connected, on an evenly laid platform (typically a concrete pad).

Why does Raise borer matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Raise borer?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Raise borer.

Tags

  • Mining equipment
  • Mining stubs
  • Underground mining

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