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Rationality (book)

Rationality (book) is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Rationality (book) rather than just read about it. In short: Rationality: What It Is, Why It Seems Scarce, Why It Matters is a 2021 book written by Canadian-American cognitive scientist Steven Pinker. The book was published on September 28, 2021, by the Viking imprint of Penguin Random House.

Rationality (book) — main illustration
Rationality (book) — illustration

Key takeaways

  • Rationality (book) belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
  • Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
  • Connect Rationality (book) to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
  • Reproduce the core statement of Rationality (book) from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Rationality: What It Is, Why It Seems Scarce, Why It Matters is a 2021 book written by Canadian-American cognitive scientist Steven Pinker. The book was published on September 28, 2021, by the Viking imprint of Penguin Random House. It argues that rationality is a key driver of moral and social progress, and it attempts to resolve the apparent conflict between scientific progress and increasing levels of disinformation. Pinker explains several concepts underlying rationality, including from the fields of logic, probability theory, statistics, and social choice.

Reception The book debuted at number nine on The New York Times nonfiction best-seller list for the week ending October 2, 2021. In its starred review, Publishers Weekly wrote, "He manages to be scrupulously rigorous yet steadily accessible and entertaining." To Andrew Anthony on The Guardian, Pinker, not a "dry and humourless slave to rational thought", "knows that what we find funny is often nothing more than clever inversions of logic". Kirkus Reviews wrote, "The author can be heady and geeky, but seldom to the point that his discussions shade off into inaccessibility." On The New York Times, Jennifer Szalai commented that "The trouble arrives when he [Pinker] tries to gussy up his psychologist's hat with his more elaborate public intellectual's attire", while Anthony Gottlieb noted Pinker's tendencies to "exaggerate the popularity of ill-founded beliefs" and to devote "plenty of space to advocating rationality, which the authors of similar works have not found necessary to do, perhaps because anybody who chooses to read about rationality is probably already in favor of it."

References

External links Rationality: What It Is, Why It Seems Scarce, Why It Matters on stevenpinker.com

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Rationality (book)

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Rationality (book) claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Rationality (book) before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Rationality (book) ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Rationality (book)

In research
Rationality (book) appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry
Engineering practice reuses Rationality (book) in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom
Rationality (book) is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 2021 non-fiction books, Non-fiction book stubs, Reasoning, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life
Look for Rationality (book) outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Rationality (book) in 20 minutes

  1. Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
  2. Close the page and write down what Rationality (book) means in your own words.
  3. Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
  4. Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
  5. Explain Rationality (book) out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Rationality (book) in simple terms?

Rationality: What It Is, Why It Seems Scarce, Why It Matters is a 2021 book written by Canadian-American cognitive scientist Steven Pinker. The book was published on September 28, 2021, by the Viking imprint of Penguin Random House.

Why does Rationality (book) matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Rationality (book)?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Rationality (book).

Tags

  • 2021 non-fiction books
  • Non-fiction book stubs
  • Reasoning
  • Viking Press books
  • Works by Steven Pinker

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