science

Red-bodied swallowtail

Red-bodied swallowtail is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Red-bodied swallowtail rather than just read about it. In short: Red-bodied swallowtails, or ruby swallowtail (due to the color), are butterflies in the swallowtail family, that belong to the genera Atrophaneura, Byasa, Losaria, or Pachliopta. They are generally found in Asia (Indomalayan realm).

Key takeaways

Red-bodied swallowtail belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Red-bodied swallowtail to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Red-bodied swallowtail from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Red-bodied swallowtails, or ruby swallowtail (due to the color), are butterflies in the swallowtail family, that belong to the genera Atrophaneura, Byasa, Losaria, or Pachliopta. They are generally found in Asia (Indomalayan realm). Collectors have found the red-bodied swallowtails difficult to kill. Pinching the thorax, a method which kills most butterflies, is withstood and only stuns the butterfly temporarily.

Life history The larvae resemble those of other Troidini. Fleshy spine-like tubercles, often with red tips, line the caterpillars' backs, and their bodies are dark red to brown and velvety black or shades of grey with a pattern of black lines. They feed on species of Aristolochia and Thottea. Chrysalids are camouflaged to look like a dead leaf or twig. They are attached by a girdle and an anal pad. Adults are nectar feeding. Many species of red-bodied swallowtails show aposematism, and serve as models for Batesian mimicry. The biology of Pachliopta hector and Pachliopta aristolochiae are well studied.

Taxonomy Species limits may be either narrow (many species - forma and subspecies raised to full or "good" species) or broad (fewer species - rank reduction) see Jürgen Haffer Archived 2010-10-08 at the Wayback Machine for a discussion.

Genera and species

Listed alphabetically within genera: Genus: Atrophaneura Reakirt, [1865] (earlier considered as the nominotypical subgenus of Atrophaneura but now it is a genus without subgenera)

Atrophaneura aidoneus (Doubleday, 1845) — lesser batwing Atrophaneura astorion (Westwood, 1842) — common batwing Atrophaneura dixoni (Grose-Smith, 1900) — Dixon’s Batwing Atrophaneura hageni (Rogenhofer, 1889) Atrophaneura horishana (Matsumura, 1910) — aurora batwing Atrophaneura kuehni (Honrath, 1886) Atrophaneura nox (Swainson, 1822) — Malayan batwing Atrophaneura priapus (Boisduval, 1836) — priapus batwing Atrophaneura semperi (C. & R. Felder, 1861) — Philippine batwing Atrophaneura schadenbergi (Semper, 1891) Atrophaneura sycorax (Grose-Smith, 1885) — white-headed batwing Genus: Byasa Moore, 1882 (earlier considered as subgenus Byasa but now raised to genus level)

Byasa adamsoni (Grose-Smith, 1886) — Adamson's rose Byasa alcinous (Klug, 1836) — Chinese windmill Byasa crassipes (Oberthür, 1893) — black windmill Byasa daemonius (Alphéraky, 1895) Byasa dasarada (Moore, 1857) — great windmill Byasa hedistus (Jordan, 1928) Byasa impediens (Rothschild, 1895) Byasa laos (Riley & Godfrey, 1921) Byasa latreillei (Donovan, 1826) — rose windmill Byasa mencius (C. & R. Felder, 1862) Byasa nevilli (Wood-Mason, 1882) — Nevill's windmill Byasa plutonius (Oberthür, 1876) — Chinese windmill Byasa polla (de Nicéville, 1897) — De Niceville's windmill Byasa polyeuctes (Doubleday, 1842) — common windmill Byasa rhadinus (Jordan, 1928) Genus: Losaria Moore, [1902] (earlier considered as subgenus Losaria but now raised to genus level)

Losaria coon (Fabricius, 1793) — common clubtail Losaria palu (Martin, 1912) — Palu swallowtail - has been regarded a subspecies of A. coon Losaria rhodifer (Butler, 1876) — Andaman clubtail Losaria neptunus (Guérin-Méneville, 1840) — yellow-bodied club-tail or yellow club-tail Genus: Pachliopta Reakirt, [1865] (earlier considered as subgenus Pachliopta but now raised to genus level)

Pachliopta adamas (Zinken, 1831) Pachliopta aristolochiae (Fabricius, 1775) — common rose Pachliopta antiphus (Fabricius, 1793) Pachliopta atropos (Staudinger, 1888) Pachliopta hector (Linnaeus, 1758) — crimson rose Pachliopta jophon (Gray, [1853]) — Ceylon rose or Sri Lankan rose Pachliopta kotzebuea (Eschscholtz, 1821) — pink rose Pachliopta leytensis (Murayama, 1978) Pachliopta liris (Godart, 1819) Pachliopta mariae (Semper, 1878) Pachliopta oreon (Doherty, 1891) Pachliopta pandiyana (Moore, 1881) — Malabar rose Pachliopta phlegon (C. & R. Felder, 1864) Pachliopta polydorus (Linnaeus, 1763) — red-bodied swallowtail Pachliopta polyphontes (Boisduval, 1836) Pachliopta strandi (Bryk, 1930)

References

External links

Flickr Correctly identified tagged photos Atrophaneura at Butterflycorner.net Pteron

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Red-bodied swallowtail

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Red-bodied swallowtail claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Red-bodied swallowtail before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Red-bodied swallowtail ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Red-bodied swallowtail

In research: Red-bodied swallowtail appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Red-bodied swallowtail in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Red-bodied swallowtail is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Atrophaneura, Insect common names, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Red-bodied swallowtail outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Red-bodied swallowtail in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Red-bodied swallowtail means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Red-bodied swallowtail out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Red-bodied swallowtail in simple terms?

Why does Red-bodied swallowtail matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Red-bodied swallowtail?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Red-bodied swallowtail.