physics

Richard B. Frankel

Richard B. Frankel is a physics topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Richard B. Frankel rather than just read about it. In short: Richard B. Frankel is an Emeritus Professor of Physics at the California State Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo.

Key takeaways

Richard B. Frankel belongs to physics; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Richard B. Frankel to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Richard B. Frankel from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Richard B. Frankel is an Emeritus Professor of Physics at the California State Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo. He is noted for his research on magnetotaxis and biomineralization of magnetic iron minerals in general and magnetotactic bacteria in particular. His expertise in the latter was prominently discussed in Stephen Jay Gould's The Panda's Thumb (1980 Chapter 30). He is a graduate of the University of Missouri (1961) and took a PhD from Berkeley (1965). Much of his career was spent at the Francis Bitter National Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology before joining Cal Poly in 1988. He is a fellow of the American Physical Society.

Selected publications —; Blum, N.; Foner, S.; Freeman, A.; Schieber, M. (1965). "Ferrimagnetic Structure of Magnetoelectric Ga2−xFexO3". Physical Review Letters. 15 (25): 958–960. Bibcode:1965PhRvL..15..958F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.15.958. —; Blum, N.; Schwartz, Brian; Kim, Duk (1967). "Mössbauer Evidence for a Spin-Compensated State in Dilute Fe-Cu Alloys". Physical Review Letters. 18 (24): 1051–1053. Bibcode:1967PhRvL..18.1051F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.18.1051. Chappert, J.; — (1967). "Mössbauer Study of Ferrimagnetic Ordering in Nickel Ferrite and Chromium-Substituted Nickel Ferrite". Physical Review Letters. 19 (10): 570–572. Bibcode:1967PhRvL..19..570C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.19.570. Mayerle, J. J.; —; R. H. Holm; James A. Ibers; W. D. Phillips; J. F. Weiher (1973). "Synthetic Analogs of the Active Sites of Iron-Sulfur Proteins. Structure and Properties of Bis [o-xylyldithiolato-μ2-sulfidoferrate(III)], an Analog of the 2Fe-2S Proteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 70 (8): 2429–2433. Bibcode:1973PNAS...70.2429M. doi:10.1073/pnas.70.8.2429. PMC 433750. PMID 4525429. Laskowski, E. J.; —; Gillum, W. O.; Papaefthymiou, G. C.; Renaud, J.; Ibers, James A.; Holm, R. H. (1978). "Synthetic analogs of the 4-Fe active sites of reduced ferredoxins. Electronic properties of the tetranuclear trianions [Fe4S4(SR)4]3− and the structure of [(C2H5)3(CH3)N]3[Fe4S4(SC6H5)4]". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 100 (17): 5322–5337. doi:10.1021/ja00485a013. —; Richard P. Blakemore; Ralph S. Wolfe (1979). "Magnetite in Freshwater Magnetotactic Bacteria". Science. 203 (4387): 1355–1356. Bibcode:1979Sci...203.1355F. doi:10.1126/science.203.4387.1355. PMID 17780480. S2CID 15930729. —; Papaefthymiou, Georgia C.; Blakemore, Richard P.; O'Brien, Wendy (1983). "Fe3O4 precipitation in magnetotactic bacteria". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research. 763 (2): 147–159. doi:10.1016/0167-4889(83)90038-1. Bazylinski, Dennis A.; —; Jannasch, Holger W. (1988). "Anaerobic magnetite production by a marine, magnetotactic bacterium". Nature. 334 (6182): 518–519. Bibcode:1988Natur.334..518B. doi:10.1038/334518a0. S2CID 4355713. Moskowitz, Bruce M.; —; Bazylinski, Dennis A. (1993). "Rock magnetic criteria for the detection of biogenic magnetite". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 120 (3–4): 283–300. Bibcode:1993E&PSL.120..283M. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(93)90245-5. —; D. A. Bazylinski; M. S. Johnson; B. L. Taylor (1997). "Magneto-aerotaxis in marine coccoid bacteria". Biophysical Journal. 73 (2): 994–1000. Bibcode:1997BpJ....73..994F. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(97)78132-3. PMC 1180996. PMID 9251816. Bazylinski, Dennis A.; — (2004). "Magnetosome formation in prokaryotes". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 2 (3): 217–230. doi:10.1038/nrmicro842. PMID 15083157. S2CID 6803811.

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Richard B. Frankel

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Richard B. Frankel claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In physics, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Richard B. Frankel before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Richard B. Frankel ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Richard B. Frankel

In research: Richard B. Frankel appears in physics research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Richard B. Frankel in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Richard B. Frankel is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 21st-century American physicists, American biophysicists, American experimental physicists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Richard B. Frankel outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Richard B. Frankel in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Richard B. Frankel means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Richard B. Frankel out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Richard B. Frankel in simple terms?

Richard B. Frankel is an Emeritus Professor of Physics at the California State Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo.

Why does Richard B. Frankel matter?

Because it connects several physics ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Richard B. Frankel?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Richard B. Frankel.