biology

Richard Wettstein

Richard Wettstein is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Richard Wettstein rather than just read about it. In short: Richard Wettstein (30 June 1863 – 10 August 1931) was an Austrian botanist. His taxonomic system, the Wettstein system, was one of the earliest based on phyletic principles.

Key takeaways

Richard Wettstein belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Richard Wettstein to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Richard Wettstein from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Richard Wettstein (30 June 1863 – 10 August 1931) was an Austrian botanist. His taxonomic system, the Wettstein system, was one of the earliest based on phyletic principles. Wettstein studied in Vienna under Anton Kerner von Marilaun and later married Kerner's daughter Adele. Their sons included the botanist Fritz von Wettstein and the zoologist Otto von Wettstein. His grandson Diter von Wettstein was a plant geneticist. During his time at the University of Vienna, he founded the student-led Natural Science Association with his friend Karl Eggerth in 1882. He was a professor at the University of Prague from 1892, and at the University of Vienna from 1899. He newly laid out the Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna. In 1901 he became president of the Vienna Zoological-Botanical Society (Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft), and during the same year took part in a scientific expedition to Brazil. In 1919 he was appointed vice-president of the Vienna Academy of Sciences. During his later years (1929–30), he traveled with his son, Friedrich, to eastern and southern Africa. The mycological genus Wettsteinina and the Wettsteiniola genus of flowering plants from Brazil, belonging to the family Podostemaceae, are both named for Richard Wettstein. In 1905, he was co-president of the International Botanical Congress, held in Vienna. In 1913 Wettstein edited and distributed the last fascicles (specimens no. 3601-4000) of the exsiccata work Flora exsiccata Austro-Hungarica, a museo botanico universitatis vindobonensis edita.

Selected publications Nolanaceae, Solanaceae, Scrophulariaceae in (Engler & Prantl 1895, pp. 1–107). Grundzüge der geographisch-morphologischen Methode der Pflanzensystematik, 1898 - Basics of geographical-morphological methods of plant systematics. Botanik Und Zoologie In Österreich in den Jahren 1850 Bis 1900, 1901 - Botany and zoology in Austria in the years 1850 to 1900. Der Neo-Lamarckismus und seine Beziehungen zum Darwinismus, 1903 - Neo-Lamarckism and its relationship to Darwinism. Wettstein, Richard (1924). Handbuch der Systematischen Botanik 2 vols (3rd ed.). Vienna: Deuticke. Archived from the original on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 15 April 2015. 1st ed. 1901–1908 Vol. I 1901, Vol. II 1908 Deuticke, Vienna 2nd ed. 1910–1911 3rd ed. 1923–1924 Archived 2015-02-18 at the Wayback Machine 4th ed. 1933–1935

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Richard Wettstein

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Richard Wettstein claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Richard Wettstein before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Richard Wettstein ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Richard Wettstein

In research: Richard Wettstein appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Richard Wettstein in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Richard Wettstein is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1863 births, 1931 deaths, 19th-century Austrian botanists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Richard Wettstein outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Richard Wettstein in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Richard Wettstein means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Richard Wettstein out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Richard Wettstein in simple terms?

Richard Wettstein (30 June 1863 – 10 August 1931) was an Austrian botanist. His taxonomic system, the Wettstein system, was one of the earliest based on phyletic principles.

Why does Richard Wettstein matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Richard Wettstein?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Richard Wettstein.