biology

Roi Cohen Kadosh

Roi Cohen Kadosh is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Roi Cohen Kadosh rather than just read about it. In short: Roi Cohen Kadosh (Hebrew: רועי כהן קדוש; born 1976) is an Israeli–British cognitive neuroscientist whose research spans numerical and mathematical cognition, learning, attention, and cognitive enhancement. He is Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience and Head of the School of Psychology at the University of Surrey, where he has led strategic expansion in education and research.

Key takeaways

Roi Cohen Kadosh belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Roi Cohen Kadosh to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Roi Cohen Kadosh from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Roi Cohen Kadosh (Hebrew: רועי כהן קדוש; born 1976) is an Israeli–British cognitive neuroscientist whose research spans numerical and mathematical cognition, learning, attention, and cognitive enhancement. He is Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience and Head of the School of Psychology at the University of Surrey, where he has led strategic expansion in education and research. He is the founder of Cognite Neurotechnology Ltd, a company translating AI-personalised brain stimulation into real-world applications, and co-supported the creation of Tech Innosphere Ltd and has served as their scientific advisor on the clinical translation of non-invasive brain stimulation for ADHD since its establishment. He has served as Non-Executive Director of the Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust. At the international level, he chaired the European Research Council's Advanced Grants panel on the Human Mind and its Complexity and the Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia Psychology R&D Unit Evaluation Panel. He has advised national governments, the OECD, UNESCO, and the UK MHRA on neuroscience policy, innovation, and ethics.

Early life and education Cohen Kadosh was born in Israel in 1976. He became interested in psychology at age 14, following his mother's illness and early death. He received a BA in Behavioral Sciences in 2002 and a direct-track PhD in neuropsychology (summa cum laude) in 2007 from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev under the supervision of Avishai Henik. His doctoral thesis was titled The Size Congruity Effect and Magnitude Processing: Mental Operations and Neuropsychological Mechanisms.

Career In 2009 he received a Wellcome Trust Career Development Fellowship to move to the University of Oxford where he established his lab. In 2015 he received the Professorial Distinction Award by the University of Oxford and became a full professor of Cognitive Neuroscience. He was also a Senior Research Fellow at Jesus College, Oxford. In 2021, he joined the University of Surrey as Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience and Head of the School of Psychology. In 2021 he also founded Cognite Neurotechnology Ltd, a start-up company that uses the findings from his studies to combine AI and neuromodulation to provide personalised, safe, and painless technology to improve cognition and learning for therapeutic or augmentation purposes.

Research Cohen Kadosh's work integrates psychology, neuroscience, education, and neurotechnology to study and optimise learning and attention. His group has shown that the balance of neuronal excitation and inhibition (E/I) relates to learning outcomes and predicts responsiveness to neurostimulation, and has examined how functional connectivity and GABAergic signalling modulate stimulation-related gains in mathematical learning. Cohen Kadosh has also pioneered the use of neurostimulation to modulate E/I activity. In a healthy brain, excitation and inhibition are balanced to ensure proper functioning of neural circuits. Disruptions in this balance are linked to a variety of cognitive and neurological conditions, including ADHD, schizophrenia, and autism. He has co-authored clinical and translational studies of combined cognitive training and non-invasive brain stimulation (including tRNS), reporting benefits for attention and learning, and more recently demonstrated an AI-personalised, home-based stimulation system that enhanced sustained attention. Earlier contributions include work on numerical cognition and the use of non-invasive stimulation to causally modulate numerical competence, as well as studies on synaesthesia indicating enhanced cortical excitability in primary visual cortex and its modulation. Cohen Kadosh has also contributed to neuroethics and policy discussions on the regulation and responsible use of cognitive enhancement devices.

Awards and honours He has received more than 60 awards, grants, and honours. Selected distinctions include:

The Sieratzki-Korczyn Prize for Advances in the Neurosciences. (2009) The Career Development Award from the Society for Neuroscience. (2010) The Paul Bertelson Award from the European Society for Cognitive Psychology. (2013) The British Psychological Society announced that he would be the recipient of the Spearman Medal. (2014) An Honorable Mention for Biomedicine & Neuroscience at the 2015 PROSE Awards from the Association of American Publishers for his book, The Stimulated Brain. (2015) The International Mind, Brain and Education Society (IMBES) Early Career Award. (2016) The Blackham Lecture Medal from Humanists UK. (2023) Membership of the Academia Europaea. (2026) In addition, he has contributed to the wider national and international academic community's general life through various roles and activities including advising policymakers, non-governmental agencies, and commercial companies, co-founding international scientific societies, and chairing international panels, including the ERC and FCT.

Publications

Books Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) in neurodevelopmental disorders (ed. 2021) The Oxford Handbook of Numerical Cognition (co-ed. 2015) The Stimulated Brain: Cognitive Enhancement Using Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (ed. 2014)

Selected Papers Personalized home-based neurostimulation via AI optimization augments sustained attention - npj Digital Medicine (2025) Functional connectivity and GABAergic signaling modulate the enhancement effect of neurostimulation on mathematical learning - PLOS Biology (2025) Human Neuronal Excitation/Inhibition Balance Explains and Predicts Neurostimulation Induced Learning Benefits - PLOS Biology (2023) Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation combined with Cognitive Training for Treating ADHD: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Clinical Trial - Translation Psychiatry (2023) The impact of a lack of mathematical education on brain development and future attainment - PNAS (2021) Long-term enhancement of brain function and cognition using cognitive training and brain stimulation - Current Biology (2013) The Neuroethics of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation; Current Biology - Current Biology (2012)

Miscellaneous The Neuroscience of Mathematical Cognition and Learning (2014). An Expert Paper produced on the request of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Paris. The regulation of cognitive enhancement devices (Policy Paper, 2014).

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Roi Cohen Kadosh

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Roi Cohen Kadosh claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Roi Cohen Kadosh before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Roi Cohen Kadosh ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Roi Cohen Kadosh

In research: Roi Cohen Kadosh appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Roi Cohen Kadosh in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Roi Cohen Kadosh is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1976 births, 21st-century British scientists, Academics of the University of Oxford, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Roi Cohen Kadosh outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

Affiliate

Preply — study more efficiently by working with a personal tutor. 50% off.

How to study Roi Cohen Kadosh in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Roi Cohen Kadosh means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Roi Cohen Kadosh out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Roi Cohen Kadosh in simple terms?

Why does Roi Cohen Kadosh matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Roi Cohen Kadosh?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Roi Cohen Kadosh.