Roku, Inc. ( ROH-koo) is an American company. Founded in 2002 by Anthony Wood, it produces streaming devices and TVs, distributes streaming services and operates an ad business on its platform. Roku is the U.S. market leader in streaming video distribution, reaching nearly half of U.S. broadband households as of 2026. The company also operates in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, the U.K., and Latin America. In its initial years, Roku focused on making high-definition video players and launched the first connected TV device to stream Netflix in 2008. Later, in 2014, the company expanded the reach of its streaming platform by partnering with TV manufacturers to license Roku's technology. This allowed Roku's operating system to get pre-installed on smart TVs. Roku has since added channel subscriptions to its platform, while also serving targeted and performance-based ads. In addition, it operates its own ad-supported streaming service and produces consumer electronic products such as smart speakers and smart home devices. The company has been listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market since 2017.
History
2002–2007: Early years Roku was founded in October 2002 as a limited liability company (LLC), by ReplayTV founder Anthony Wood. Roku (六), meaning "six" in the Japanese language, represented the fact that Roku was the sixth company Wood started. The company was founded as a maker of high-definition video players, and was funded by Wood himself with money he had earned from selling other businesses, including ReplayTV.
2008–2013: Funding, initial product In 2008, Netflix invested $6 million in Roku as part of an equity funding round. Netflix's association with Roku also involved Wood taking a part-time job at Netflix to make a device to stream Netflix while serving as Roku's CEO. Roku launched the first connected TV device to stream Netflix in May 2008, and continued to sell devices that plug into TVs, allowing consumers to access streaming services. In the same year, Roku's headquarters moved to Saratoga, California, further south in Silicon Valley. A round of venture capital funding from Menlo Ventures was announced in October 2008. Another round of about $8.4 million was disclosed in 2009. This year also saw Netflix sell all of its Roku shares, translating to nearly 15% of Roku's equity, to Menlo Ventures to avoid the perception of potentially favoring one streaming distribution manufacturer over another.
2014–2016: Smart TV entry In 2012, The Verge reported that Roku had launched in the U.K. and Canada. In 2014, Roku expanded its reach by partnering with TV manufacturers as Roku's licensees, to sell Roku's operating system already installed on smart TVs. In 2015, the company launched its products in Australia, France and Mexico. It also announced that it would be sub-leasing the buildings in Los Gatos, California from Netflix. In the same year, towards measuring the success of its advertising efforts success, Roku partnered with Nielsen, a company that specializes in advertising effectiveness. In 2016, Roku partnered with Magna, a media firm that specializes in advertising, in order to incorporate targeted advertising on its streaming platform.
2017–2018: Initial public offering On September 28, 2017, Roku held an initial public offering of stock and began trading on the Nasdaq exchange. Vox reported in the same year that the company was transitioning into "taking a cut of advertising and subscription fees" generated by "video programmers" using Roku's devices, while also stating that Netflix and YouTube didn't give Roku such a cut. Roku stated in September 2017 that it received a "revenue share" whenever it signed up a new customer for subscription content including Netflix. In 2017 Roku also launched its self-serving advertising product to allow advertisers to serve ads to Roku's users. These include video ads, interactive video ads, audience development promotions and brand sponsorships. This was made possible through Roku allowing advertisers to transition from standard cable TV advertising to Roku's streaming platform. In the same year, Roku was also reported as expanding its international reach by launching its streaming players in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama and Peru.
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