astronomy

Roland Rainer

Roland Rainer is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Roland Rainer rather than just read about it. In short: Roland Rainer (1 May 1910 – 10 April 2004) was an Austrian architect. Born in Klagenfurt, Roland Rainer decided to become an architect when he was 18, so he studied at the Technische Hochschule in Vienna (now TU Wien).

Key takeaways

Roland Rainer belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Roland Rainer to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Roland Rainer from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Roland Rainer (1 May 1910 – 10 April 2004) was an Austrian architect. Born in Klagenfurt, Roland Rainer decided to become an architect when he was 18, so he studied at the Technische Hochschule in Vienna (now TU Wien). His thesis was about the Karlsplatz in Vienna. Then, he left Austria to visit the Netherlands and the German Academy for Urban Design in Berlin. He became a member of the ruling Nazi Party and endorsed their policies in his theoretical works. After World War II, he returned to Austria and continued writing, including his most famous work Urban design prose.

He was then called to several institutions: the Technische Hochschulen in Charlottenburg (now Technische Universität Berlin), in Braunschweig (now Technische Universität Braunschweig) and Munich (now Technical University of Munich) as well as the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology. In 1953, Rainer became professor for housing, urban design, and land use planning at the Technische Hochschule Hannover (now Leibniz University Hannover). In 1954, he became professor for structural engineering at the Technische Hochschule Graz (now Graz University of Technology), which forced him to commute between Graz and Hannover. From 1954, Rainer led the Master School for Architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. From 1956 to 1962, one of his most significant works, the Wiener Stadthalle in Vienna, was built. On July 1, 1958, Rainer was commissioned with the development of the zoning plan by the town council of Vienna. From 1987, Rainer was chairman of the curia for art of the Austrian Decoration for Science and Art. He was also a constant critic of environmental destruction and bad constructions. In 1967 he took part in the international competition of urbanist concept for Bratislava-Petrzalka district in Slovakia. In 2006, the Roland-Rainer-Platz, in front of the Wiener Stadthalle, was named after him.

Honours and awards 1954: City of Vienna Prize for Architecture 1962: Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art 1962: Grand Austrian State Prize for Architecture 1969: Austrian Bauherrenpreis for "garden village" development at Puchenau, in Linz 1973: Honorary Member ("Honorary Fellow") of the American Institute of Architects 1979: Austrian Decoration for Science and Art 1985: Honorary Ring of the City of Vienna 2000: Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Star for Services to the Republic of Austria 2006: Austrian Bauherrenpreis for the Roland-Rainer-Siedlung garden city development in St. Pölten (posthumously)

References

External links

Puchenau II Garden City

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Roland Rainer

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Roland Rainer claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Roland Rainer before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Roland Rainer ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Roland Rainer

In research: Roland Rainer appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Roland Rainer in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Roland Rainer is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1910 births, 2004 deaths, Academic staff of Leibniz University Hannover, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Roland Rainer outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Roland Rainer in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Roland Rainer means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Roland Rainer out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Roland Rainer in simple terms?

Why does Roland Rainer matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Roland Rainer?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Roland Rainer.