astronomy

Rudolf Kner

Rudolf Kner is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Rudolf Kner rather than just read about it. In short: Rudolf Ignaz Kner (24 August 1810 – 27 October 1869) was an Austrian geologist, paleontologist, zoologist and ichthyologist. He also wrote some poems which were published by his brother-in-law K.A.

Key takeaways

Rudolf Kner belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Rudolf Kner to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Rudolf Kner from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Rudolf Ignaz Kner (24 August 1810 – 27 October 1869) was an Austrian geologist, paleontologist, zoologist and ichthyologist. He also wrote some poems which were published by his brother-in-law K.A. Kaltenbrunner.

Biography Kner was born in Linz where his father Johann Evangelist Georg Kner (1763–1845) was a tax officer. His mother Barbara (1770–1825), daughter of forester Johann von Adlersburg was earlier married to apothecary Felix Gulielmo until his death. Barbara had a daughter Marie Gulielmo from her earlier marriage before having Rudolf and his sister Pauline. Pauline Anna Barbara Kner (1809–1843) married the Austrian poet Karl Adam Kaltenbrunner (1804-1867) in 1834. Rudolf studied in the secondary school in Linz from 1818 and the high school from 1821. During this period he was encouraged in the natural sciences with a gift of minerals from his uncle Hallstatt Maximilian Kner (1755–1821). From 1823 he went to the Stiftsgymnasium Kremsmünster. His godfather, Ignaz Rudolph Bischoff became mayor of Linz and had served as a doctor in the Army. From 1826 he went to the Lycaeum in Kremsmünster, taking a keen interest in botany. He then went to study medicine at Vienna in 1828 where he attended lectures by Franz Freiherrn von Jacquin (1766–1839) and Johann Ritter von Scherer (1755-1844). He received a medical degree in 1835. He then worked at the Kaiserlichen Hof-Naturalienkabinett (now Naturhistorisches Museum Wien) in Vienna, where he worked with Johann Jakob Heckel, among others. He accompanied Heckel on a collecting trip to Dalmatia in 1840. In 1841, he became professor for natural science at Lviv University. He returned to Vienna as professor of zoology (16 November 1849). His primary field of study was ichthyology, with interests in paleontology and geology. Kner suffered from a stroke in 1868 and was bedridden. He died in Oed, Waldegg.

Works Leitfaden zum Studium der Geologie, Vienna, 1851, 2nd edition 1855. Lehrbuch der Zoologie, Vienna, 1849, 2nd edition 1855, 3rd edition 1862. Die Süßwasserfische der österreichischen Monarchie, Leipzig, 1858 together with Heckel. Betrachtungen über die Ganoiden, als natürliche Ordnung, in: Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften [Vienna], 54 (1862), p. 519–536. Apart from his work in paleontology and ichthyology, Kner also wrote some poetry. Some of these were included under the initials "R.K." in the works of his brother-in-law, Karl Adam Kaltenbrunner.

Eponymy The fish genus Kneria was named in his honor by Franz Steindachner. The catfish Oxydoras kneri was named in his honor by Pieter Bleeker. Kner's goby Pomatoschistus knerii although the patronym is not explicitly identified it is certainly in honor of Kner, named by his colleague Franz Steindachner.

See also Category:Taxa named by Rudolf Kner

References

External links

Works by or about Rudolf Kner at the Internet Archive Svojtka, M. (2006): Rudolf Kner und sein Beitrag zu den Erdwissenschaften.- Berichte der Geologischen Bundesanstalt (Vienna), 69: 73-75 http://www.geologie.ac.at/filestore/download/BR0069_073_A.pdf (in German) Svojtka, M. (2007): Eindrücke aus der Frühzeit der geologischen Erforschung Ostgaliziens (Ukraine): Leben und erdwissenschaftliches Werk von Rudolf Kner (1810-1869). In: Geo.Alp (Innsbruck), Sonderband 1: 145-154 http://www.uibk.ac.at/downloads/c715/geoalp_sbd1_07/svojtka.pdf (in German) Natural history museum, Vienne: History of the fish collection

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Rudolf Kner

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Rudolf Kner claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Rudolf Kner before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Rudolf Kner ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Rudolf Kner

In research: Rudolf Kner appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Rudolf Kner in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Rudolf Kner is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1810 births, 1869 deaths, Academic staff of the University of Lviv, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Rudolf Kner outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Rudolf Kner in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Rudolf Kner means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Rudolf Kner out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Rudolf Kner in simple terms?

Rudolf Ignaz Kner (24 August 1810 – 27 October 1869) was an Austrian geologist, paleontologist, zoologist and ichthyologist. He also wrote some poems which were published by his brother-in-law K.A.

Why does Rudolf Kner matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Rudolf Kner?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Rudolf Kner.