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S.M.S. portfolios

S.M.S. portfolios is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand S.M.S. portfolios rather than just read about it. In short: S.M.S (Shit Must Stop) is a collection of artist's portfolios that were conceived by William Copley and Dimitri Petrov as they spoke about the long relationships with the artists. The collection was published biweekly from February to December 1968.

Key takeaways

  • S.M.S. portfolios belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
  • Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
  • Connect S.M.S. portfolios to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
  • Reproduce the core statement of S.M.S. portfolios from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

S.M.S (Shit Must Stop) is a collection of artist's portfolios that were conceived by William Copley and Dimitri Petrov as they spoke about the long relationships with the artists. The collection was published biweekly from February to December 1968. Each issue is composed of diverse art pieces, created by individual artist that were deemed important during the period. The portfolios have a wide range of aspects such as dada, surrealism, and pop art that includes photography, sound, drawings and writings. Six portfolios containing eleven to thirteen objects each, were produced in unsigned editions of 2000. There were 100 copies for a deluxe edition. Almost all of the 73 artists solely signed their contributions for the deluxe portfolio, while a few others chose to sign, number and/or date. Reportedly, there were also a very small handful of artists who did not sign at all. This project was inspired by the Fluxus movement, which encouraged diverse artists to come together as a form of protest against galleries, not agreeing to them having the authority to determine the value of art. So, by bringing artists together without any establishments, which by means, without being judged and determined, played equally in their specific art areas. Each portfolio within the issue, is a dossier about the subject of personal impressions, and the way to establish their relationship between artist's impulse and impersonal meanings of practical reproduction. After merging them with the daily life, "Shit must Stop" shows the artist how to come to terms with forces that often drive them into the seclusion of the studio.

Publication

Shit Must Stop N°1 The First edition of Shit Must Stop contains 11 different portfolios from a variety of artists: Irving Petlin, Su Braden, James Lee Byars, Christo, Walter de Maria, Richard Hamilton, Kaspar Koening, Julien Levy, Sol Mednick, Nancy Reitkopf and La Monte Young & Marian Zazeela. The artists each scaled their project to similar format; in this edition, a small size packet. Christo who was known for large environmental installations, scaled down his works in order to create a small-sized, two-dimensional diorama. Julian Levy also contributed a list of prescriptions for faux medications, capsules for artists he determined in need of treatment. In both cases the artist's voice to shine through, while still maintaining the integrity of William Copley's project. This issue reads more like a journal than the following issue, which seems more interactive.

Shit Must Stop N°2 This Second issue is more experimental with works from Marcel Duchamp, Nicolas Calas, Bruce Conner, Marcia Herscovitz, Alain Jacquet, Ray Johnson, Lee Lozano, Meret Oppenheim, Bernard Pfreim, George Reavevy, and Clovis Trouille. The cover, designed by Marcel Duchamp, is a white folder with a playable record album attached to the front. Printed on the record itself, in French, is the sentence "ESQUIVONS LES ECCHYMOSES DES ESQUIMAUX AUX MOTS EXQUIS", which roughly translates to “dodge the Eskimo bruises with exquisite words,” but functions as a sort of French tongue twister. Duchamp seems to be playfully addressing the restrictions inherent in more traditional portfolio design in order to redefine this practice. The record has aesthetic appeal, but it similarly has far greater use value than the first issue's front cover, which was a reproduction of a painting. Another particularly provocative work in Shit Must Stop N°2 is Bruce Connor's Legal Tender. Connor mimics the design of American currency with his stack of eighteen “dollar bills,” which seem more reminiscent of Monopoly money than American legal tender. This element allows for the whole issue to feel like a game, as if you could trade Connor's money for something more valuable.

Shit Must Stop N°3 Third publication is conceived by 12 artists: John Battan, Aftograf, Enrico Baj, Billy Copley, Dick Higgins, Joseph Kosuth, Ronnie Landfield, Roland Penrose, Man Ray, H.C Westermann, Hannah Weiner, and Terry Riley. It contains the widest variety of objects. It features two Terry Riley cassettes, four pieces of mail from H.C. Westermann, seemingly addressed to the reader, and even an original Man Ray readymade. Terry Riley, made famous for his inovitve, minmalist musical compositions, contributed two beautifully packaged cassettes, which feel like gifts in their own right. H.C. Westermann, who is known for his playful line drawings, mailed four drawings to William Copley, who reproduced them to an exact degree in the issue. In the sealed envelopes are four proposals, with Westermann's own notes included. Opening these letters felt as if the recipient was receiving mail from Westermann themself, which seems to have been Copley's intention by including in the issue exactly what he received from Westermann.

Shit Must Stop N°4 The fourth issue contains works from Robert Stanley, Arman, Paul Bergtold, John Cage, Hollis Frampton, On Kawara, Roy Lichtenstein, Lil Picard, Domenico Rotella, Robert Watts, Princess Winifred, La Monte Young, and Marian Zazeela. Each piece is laden with a conceptual mythology that can be thoroughly investigated or just taken at face value, which seems a great leap from the playful nature of the first few issues. A particularly interesting work from Shit Must Stop N°4 is Lil Picard's burned bowtie. Each bowtie was hand burned, thus each number in the edition is slightly varied. The maroon and white polka dotted tie first appears as a joyful addition, but the burned edges seem a quite poignant dissenting argument. Other interesting works are Rotella's prison poems, which were clandestinely written on scraps of paper during a five-month prison sentence in Rome, Italy. The tactile nature of the poems as works of art in their own right seems important for the overall impact of the piece, which elegantly replicates a minute part of Rotella's prison experience.

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with S.M.S. portfolios

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what S.M.S. portfolios claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to S.M.S. portfolios before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about S.M.S. portfolios ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of S.M.S. portfolios

In research
S.M.S. portfolios appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry
Engineering practice reuses S.M.S. portfolios in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom
S.M.S. portfolios is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1968 works, Avant-garde art, Conceptual art, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life
Look for S.M.S. portfolios outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.
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How to study S.M.S. portfolios in 20 minutes

  1. Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
  2. Close the page and write down what S.M.S. portfolios means in your own words.
  3. Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
  4. Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
  5. Explain S.M.S. portfolios out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is S.M.S. portfolios in simple terms?

S.M.S (Shit Must Stop) is a collection of artist's portfolios that were conceived by William Copley and Dimitri Petrov as they spoke about the long relationships with the artists. The collection was published biweekly from February to December 1968.

Why does S.M.S. portfolios matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study S.M.S. portfolios?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on S.M.S. portfolios.

Tags

  • 1968 works
  • Avant-garde art
  • Conceptual art
  • Contemporary art organizations
  • Experimental music
  • Fluxus
  • International artist groups and collectives
  • Modern art
  • Modernism
  • Neo-Dada
  • Social philosophy

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