chemistry

S32504

S32504 is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand S32504 rather than just read about it. In short: S32504 is a dopamine D2 and D3 receptor agonist which was under development for the treatment of Parkinson's disease but was never marketed. Its route of administration was unspecified.

Key takeaways

S32504 belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect S32504 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of S32504 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

S32504 is a dopamine D2 and D3 receptor agonist which was under development for the treatment of Parkinson's disease but was never marketed. Its route of administration was unspecified.

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics S32504 acts as a potent and selective agonist of the dopamine D3 and D2 receptors, with EC50Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration values of 2.0–3.2 nM and 2.5–398 nM, respectively, depending on the assay. It is a preferential agonist of the dopamine D3 receptor over the dopamine D2 receptor. The drug showed little affinity for or activity at more than 50 other receptors and targets, including the dopamine D1, D4, and D5 receptors and the serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors, among others. S32504 suppressed the activity of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in rodents. In addition, it potently reduced levels of dopamine in the striatum, nucleus accumbens, and frontal cortex, which could be reversed by the dopamine D2 and D3 receptor antagonist haloperidol and by the selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonist L-741,626, but not by the selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonist S33084. The drug produces antiparkinsonian effects in rodents and monkeys and antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects in rodents. The antiparkinsonian effects of S32504 could be blocked by the dopamine D2 and D3 receptor antagonists haloperidol and raclopride and by L-741,626, but not by S33084, suggesting mediation of these actions by the dopamine D2 receptor and not by the dopamine D3 receptor. However, the dopamine D3 receptor appeared to be involved in dopaminergic neuroprotective effects of S32504. The antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of S32504 were blocked by haloperidol, raclopride, and L-741,626 but not by S33084, again suggesting involvement of the dopamine D2 receptor and not the dopamine D3 receptor in these effects. In rats treated with the dopamine depleting agent reserpine and monkeys treated with the dopaminergic neurotoxin MPTP, S32504 reversed hypolocomotion. Conversely, in untreated rodents, S32504 produced hypolocomotion over a wide range of doses and did not produce hyperlocomotion at any assessed dose.

Chemistry

Analogues Analogues of S32504 with enhanced affinity and selectivity for the dopamine D3 receptor over the dopamine D2 receptor have been developed and described.

History S32504 was first described in the scientific literature by 1999.

Research S32504 was being developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease by Servier in France. It reached the preclinical research stage of development prior to its development being discontinued. No recent development was reported by 2003.

See also List of investigational Parkinson's disease drugs Partial ergoline Naxagolide BP-897

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with S32504

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what S32504 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to S32504 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about S32504 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of S32504

In research: S32504 appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses S32504 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: S32504 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Abandoned drugs, Antiparkinsonian agents, Benzoxazines, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for S32504 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study S32504 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what S32504 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain S32504 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is S32504 in simple terms?

S32504 is a dopamine D2 and D3 receptor agonist which was under development for the treatment of Parkinson's disease but was never marketed. Its route of administration was unspecified.

Why does S32504 matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study S32504?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on S32504.