computer science

SHARE Operating System

SHARE Operating System is a computer science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand SHARE Operating System rather than just read about it. In short: The SHARE Operating System (SOS) is an operating system introduced in 1959 by the SHARE user group. It is an improvement on the General Motors GM-NAA I/O operating system, the first operating system for the IBM 704.

Key takeaways

SHARE Operating System belongs to computer science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect SHARE Operating System to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of SHARE Operating System from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The SHARE Operating System (SOS) is an operating system introduced in 1959 by the SHARE user group. It is an improvement on the General Motors GM-NAA I/O operating system, the first operating system for the IBM 704. The main objective was to improve the sharing of programs. The SHARE Operating System provided new methods to manage buffers and input/output devices. Like GM-NAA I/O, it allowed execution of programs written in assembly language. SOS initially ran on the IBM 709 computer and was then ported to its transistorized successor, the IBM 7090. A series of articles describing innovations in the system appears in the April 1959 Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery. In 1962, IBM discontinued support for SOS and announced an entirely new (and incompatible) operating system, IBM 7090/94 IBSYS.

See also Multiple Console Time Sharing System Timeline of operating systems SQUOZE

References

Further reading Shell, Donald L. (April 1959) [October 1958]. "The SHARE 709 System: A Cooperative Effort". Journal of the ACM. 6 (2): 123–127. doi:10.1145/320964.320966. S2CID 16476514. (5 pages) Boehm, Elaine M.; Steel, Jr., Thomas B. (April 1959). "The SHARE 709 System: Machine Implementation of Symbolic Programming". Journal of the ACM. 6 (2): 134–140. doi:10.1145/320964.320968. S2CID 16545134. (7 pages) DiGri, Vincent J.; King, Jane E. (April 1959) [1958-06-11]. "The SHARE 709 System: Input-Output Translation". Journal of the ACM. 6 (2): 141–144. doi:10.1145/320964.320969. S2CID 19660148. (4 pages) (NB. This was presented at the ACM meeting 11-13 June 1958.) SOS Reference Manual - SHARE System for the IBM 709 (PDF). New York: SOS Group, International Business Machines Corporation. June 1961 [1959]. X28-1213. Distribution No. 1–5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-06-18. Retrieved 2020-06-18. [1][2]

External links Upload of the SHARE Operating System software and documentation (partial archive)

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with SHARE Operating System

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what SHARE Operating System claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In computer science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to SHARE Operating System before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about SHARE Operating System ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of SHARE Operating System

In research: SHARE Operating System appears in computer science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses SHARE Operating System in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: SHARE Operating System is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1959 software, Discontinued operating systems, Free software operating systems, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for SHARE Operating System outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study SHARE Operating System in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what SHARE Operating System means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain SHARE Operating System out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is SHARE Operating System in simple terms?

Why does SHARE Operating System matter?

Because it connects several computer science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study SHARE Operating System?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on SHARE Operating System.