biology

SPRED1

SPRED1 is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand SPRED1 rather than just read about it. In short: Sprouty-related, EVH1 domain-containing protein 1 (pronounced spread-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPRED1 gene located on chromosome 15q13.2 and has seven coding exons. Function SPRED-1 is a member of the Sprouty family of proteins and is phosphorylated by tyrosine kinase in response to several growth factors.

Key takeaways

SPRED1 belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect SPRED1 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of SPRED1 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Sprouty-related, EVH1 domain-containing protein 1 (pronounced spread-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPRED1 gene located on chromosome 15q13.2 and has seven coding exons.

Function SPRED-1 is a member of the Sprouty family of proteins and is phosphorylated by tyrosine kinase in response to several growth factors. The encoded protein can act as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with SPRED2 to regulate activation of the MAP kinase cascade.

Clinical associations Defects in this gene are a cause of neurofibromatosis type 1-like syndrome (NFLS). Mutations in this gene are associated with

Legius syndrome. Childhood leukemia

Mutations The following mutations have been observed:

An exon 3 c.46C>T mutation leading to p.Arg16Stop. This mutation may result in a truncated nonfunctional protein. Blast cells analysis displayed the same abnormality as germline mutation with one mutated allele (no somatic SPRED1 single-point mutation or loss of heterozygosity was found). The M4/M5 phenotype of AML are most closely associated with Ras pathway mutations. Ras pathway mutations are also associated with monosomy 7. 3 Nonsense (R16X, E73X, R262X) 2 Frameshift (c.1048_c1049 delGG, c.149_1152del 4 bp) Missense (V44D) p.R18X and p.Q194X with phenotype altered pigmentation without tumoriginesis.

Disease Database SPRED1 gene variant database

See also Neurofibromin 1 Patients without Neurofibromin 1 or SPRED1 mutations may have SPRED2, SPRED3 or SPRY1, SPRY2, SPRY3 or SPRY4 mutations.

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with SPRED1

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what SPRED1 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to SPRED1 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about SPRED1 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of SPRED1

In research: SPRED1 appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses SPRED1 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: SPRED1 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics EVH1 domain, Genes on human chromosome 15, Hematopathology, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for SPRED1 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study SPRED1 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what SPRED1 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain SPRED1 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is SPRED1 in simple terms?

Sprouty-related, EVH1 domain-containing protein 1 (pronounced spread-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPRED1 gene located on chromosome 15q13.2 and has seven coding exons. Function SPRED-1 is a member of the Sprouty family of proteins and is phosphorylated by tyrosine kinase in resp…

Why does SPRED1 matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study SPRED1?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on SPRED1.