astronomy

Samuel Garman

Samuel Garman is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Samuel Garman rather than just read about it. In short: Samuel Walton Garman (June 5, 1843 – September 30, 1927), or "Garmann" as he sometimes styled himself, was an American naturalist and zoologist. He became noted as an ichthyologist and herpetologist.

Key takeaways

Samuel Garman belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Samuel Garman to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Samuel Garman from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Samuel Walton Garman (June 5, 1843 – September 30, 1927), or "Garmann" as he sometimes styled himself, was an American naturalist and zoologist. He became noted as an ichthyologist and herpetologist.

Biography Garman was born in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, on 5 June 1843. In 1868 he joined an expedition to the American West with John Wesley Powell. He graduated from the Illinois State Normal University in 1870, and for the following year was principal of the Mississippi State Normal School. In 1871, he became professor of natural sciences in Ferry Hall Seminary, Lake Forest, Illinois, and a year later became a special pupil of Louis Agassiz. He was a friend and regular correspondent of the naturalist Edward Drinker Cope, and in 1872 accompanied him on a fossil hunting trip to Wyoming. In 1870 he became assistant director of herpetology and ichthyology at Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology. His work was mostly in the classification of fish, especially sharks, but also included reptiles and amphibians. Harvard College awarded him honorary degrees for his scientific work, B.S. in 1898 and A.M. in 1899.

Personal While working at Harvard, he lived in Arlington Heights, Massachusetts. In 1895, he married Florence Armstrong of Saint John, New Brunswick. They had a daughter.

Taxa described by him See Category:Taxa named by Samuel Garman

Taxa named in his honor Garman is commemorated in the scientific name of a species of Jamaican lizard, Anolis garmani. The Rosette skate Leucoraja garmani (Whitley, 1939) is named after him. Diaphus garmani, the Garman's lanternfish, is a species of lanternfish found worldwide. Hypostomus garmani is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the São Francisco River basin.

Publications (selected) Garman, Samuel (1883). On the reptiles and Batrachians of North America. Kentucky Geological Survey. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.10754. Garman, Samuel (1887). On West Indian Iguanidae and on West Indian Scincidae. Bulletin of the Essex Institute. Vol. 19. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.11968. Garman, Samuel (1890). The "Gila Monster". Bulletin of the Essex Institute. Vol. 22. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.12632. Garman, Samuel (1892). The Discoboli. Cyclopteridæ, Liparopsidæ, and Liparididæ. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Vol. 14. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.13817. Garman, Samuel (1895). The Cyprinodont. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Vol. 19. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.48520. Garman, Samuel (1911). The Chismopnea (chimaeroids). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Vol. 40. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.49087. Garman, Samuel (1913). The Plagiostomia (Sharks, skates, and rays). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Vol. 36. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.43732. Garman, Samuel (1917). The Galapagos tortoises. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Vol. 30. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.41524.

References

External links Summers, Adam P.; Koob, Thomas J., eds. (1997). "A biographical sketch of Samuel Walton Garman". Plagiostomia – the Sharks, Skates and Rays (PDF). Los Angeles, California: Benthic Press. Retrieved 9 March 2012. Works by or about Samuel Garman at the Internet Archive.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Samuel Garman

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Samuel Garman claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Samuel Garman before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Samuel Garman ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Samuel Garman

In research: Samuel Garman appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Samuel Garman in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Samuel Garman is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1843 births, 1927 deaths, 19th-century American zoologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Samuel Garman outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Samuel Garman in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Samuel Garman means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Samuel Garman out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Samuel Garman in simple terms?

Why does Samuel Garman matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Samuel Garman?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Samuel Garman.