biology

Sangita Mukhopadhyay

Sangita Mukhopadhyay is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Sangita Mukhopadhyay rather than just read about it. In short: Sangita Mukhopadhyay (born 1 January 1966) is an Indian molecular cell biologist, immunologist and the head of the molecular biology group at the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics. Known for her studies on immunosuppression and infection biology, Mukhopadhyay is an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies namely the Indian National Science Academy, the Indian Academy of Sciences and…

Key takeaways

Sangita Mukhopadhyay belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
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Reproduce the core statement of Sangita Mukhopadhyay from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Sangita Mukhopadhyay (born 1 January 1966) is an Indian molecular cell biologist, immunologist and the head of the molecular biology group at the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics. Known for her studies on immunosuppression and infection biology, Mukhopadhyay is an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies namely the Indian National Science Academy, the Indian Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences, India. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded her the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for her contributions to biosciences in 2008.

Biography

Born on the New Year's Day of 1966 at Khargapur in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, Sangita Mukhopadhyay completed her MSc with a gold medal and did her doctoral studies at the Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar which fetched her a Phd from Utkal University in 1998 for her thesis on immunoregulation in filariasis. Subsequently, she did the post-doctoral work at the National Institute of Immunology and, later, in U.S.A. at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. On her return to India, she joined the Central Drug Research Institute in 1999 and after a short stint, moved to the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD). She later became the head of the Molecular Biology Group at the Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the institute and holds the position of a Grade IV staff scientist. At her laboratory, she hosts many research scholars who are involved in the studies in the disciplines of cell signaling and signal transduction, immunity, macrophage biology and tuberculosis. Mukhopadhyay resides at Jamia Osmania, a suburb of Hyderabad in Telangana.

Legacy

Mukhopadhyay's research focus is on the molecular study of the immune responses signaling networks caused by the pathogens. During her post-doctoral days, she worked on the immunological studies of macrophage signaling pathways and regulation of T cell functions and elucidated how the macrophage effector-APC functions were affected by the enzyme, bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk). Later, concentrating on the pathogenesis of tuberculosis, she identified several PE/PPE family proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative pathogen of tuberculosis, and described the roles of two such proteins; her findings have reportedly assisted in developing new diagnostic tools, drug targets and therapeutic protocols. Her studies have been documented by way of a number of articles and ResearchGate, an online repository of scientific articles has listed 45 of them. Besides, she has also contributed chapters to books published by others. Mukhopadhyay is a member of the Task Force on Infectious Disease Biology of the Department of Biotechnology of India and is a life member of the Indian Immunology Society, the Molecular Immunology Forum, India and the Indian Science Congress Association. She has undertaken several research projects for agencies such as the Department of Biotechnology of India, the Indian Council of Medical Research, the Department of Science and Technology and The World Academy of Sciences. She has also served as a reviewer for various journals including BMC Hematology, a BioMed Central publication.

Awards and honors Jawahralal Nehru Memorial Fund Award in 1993 for academic excellence and the Apeeza Trust Award of the Indian Immunology Society in 1996. She has received two Young Scientist Awards, the Best Best Young Scientist Award of the Indian Immunology Society in 1997 and the Young Scientist Award of the Department of Science and Technology in 2003. The next year, she received the 2004 Young Women Bioscientist of Promise Award of the Indian Science Congress Association. The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) of the Government of India awarded her the National Young Woman Bioscientist Award in 2007 and a year later, DBT honored her again with the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards in 2008. She has received two awards from the Indian Council of Medical Research; the Basanti Devi Amir Chand Prize in 2011 and the Chaturvedi Ghanshyam Das Jaigopal Memorial Award in 2015. The National Academy of Sciences, India elected her as a fellow in 2010 and she received the elected fellowship of the Indian Academy of Sciences in 2013. In 2016, the Indian National Science Academy also elected her as a fellow. She is also an elected fellow of the American Society of Hematology and the American Association of Immunologists and a former overseas associate of the Department of Biotechnology (2005). The award orations delivered by her include the Kanishka Oration of the Indian Council of Medical Research. She is also a recipient of the women scientist research grant of The World Academy of Sciences which she received in 2003.

Selected bibliography Bhat, Khalid Hussain; Mukhopadhyay, Sangita (1 May 2015). "Macrophage takeover and the host–bacilli interplay during tuberculosis". Future Microbiology. 10 (5): 853–872. doi:10.2217/fmb.15.11. ISSN 1746-0913. PMID 26000654. Mukhopadhyay, Sangita; Nair, Shiny; Ghosh, Sudip (1 March 2012). "Pathogenesis in tuberculosis: transcriptomic approaches to unraveling virulence mechanisms and finding new drug targets". FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 36 (2): 463–485. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00302.x. ISSN 0168-6445. PMID 22092372. Mukhopadhyay, Sangita; Balaji, Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy (2011). "The PE and PPE proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis". Tuberculosis. 91 (5): 441–447. doi:10.1016/j.tube.2011.04.004. PMID 21527209.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Sangita Mukhopadhyay

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Sangita Mukhopadhyay claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Sangita Mukhopadhyay before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Sangita Mukhopadhyay ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Sangita Mukhopadhyay

In research: Sangita Mukhopadhyay appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Sangita Mukhopadhyay in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Sangita Mukhopadhyay is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1966 births, Indian Institute of Science alumni, Indian cell biologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Sangita Mukhopadhyay outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Sangita Mukhopadhyay in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Sangita Mukhopadhyay means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Sangita Mukhopadhyay out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Sangita Mukhopadhyay in simple terms?

Why does Sangita Mukhopadhyay matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Sangita Mukhopadhyay?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Sangita Mukhopadhyay.