physics

Schlegel International

Schlegel International is a physics topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Schlegel International rather than just read about it. In short: Schlegel International is a multi-national company based in the United Kingdom that makes seals for windows and doors, and supplies related hardware. The company was founded in Rochester, New York in the 1880s as a narrow-loom weaving operation.

Key takeaways

Schlegel International belongs to physics; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Schlegel International to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Schlegel International from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Schlegel International is a multi-national company based in the United Kingdom that makes seals for windows and doors, and supplies related hardware. The company was founded in Rochester, New York in the 1880s as a narrow-loom weaving operation. By 1988 it had manufacturing facilities in twelve countries, making seals for windows and doors in buildings and automobiles. That year it was acquired by BTR plc of the United Kingdom. In 1997 the Schlegel operations were acquired by UniPoly S.A. in a BTR management buy-out. From 2006 Schlegel International, with manufacturing operations in Europe, Australia and Brazil, was a subsidiary of Lupus Capital, now called Tyman plc. The Schlegel brand is also used for products made near Rochester, New York, by Schlegel International's North American sister company AmesburyTruth.

History

Early years Charles P. Schlegel and Henry A. Schaefer founded a narrow loom weaving business in Rochester, New York, United States, in the late 1880s. Schlegel Manufacturing was first located on North Water Street, soon after moved to Canal Street and finally moved to the corner of Goodman Street and College Avenue. The company at first made hem bindings for women's skirts to protect them when dragging on the ground, then diversified into "surrey fringes" for horse-drawn buggies. For many years the company advertised its product line as "carriage, basket and dress trimmings". The company moved into supplying textile trimmings to car manufacturers, and became a specialist in automobile door and window weather seals. Schlegel Canada Inc. was established in 1931. During World War II (1939–1945) the company tore down and redesigned its looms so they could make machine gun belts. There were many technical difficulties, including specification changes, but full production began by the summer of 1943. The company produced six million belts for .30 and .50 caliber machine gun bullets, then converted to making gun slings. After the war the company expanded into making seals for all types of doors and windows. Schlegel started to make pile weatherstripping and plastic profiles for the building industry. In 1956 the president of Schlegel Manufacturing Company was Carl F. Schlegel, and the Vice President, Research was Norman C. Schlegel. The company's laboratory was investigating industrial textiles, plastics and adhesives. In the 1960s Schlegel introduced a continuous molded urethane process for foam weatherstripping. As of 1973 Schlegel Manufacturing, based in Rochester, New York, was supplying rigid vinyl strips for weathersealing doors. In 1973 it was announced that Schlegel Illinois. Inc., a subsidiary, had introduced a closed-cell sponge rubber gasket for drums. As of 1981 Schlegel had become a major conglomerate, still with its headquarters in Rochester, with one of its main factories in Henrietta, New York. By 1986 Schlegel Corporation of Rochester, New York, had 22 marketing centers worldwide, including Schlegel Technology Pte Ltd in Singapore and Schlegel Pty Ltd in Australia. In 1988 Schlegel had manufacturing facilities in twelve countries. Schlegel Corporation made automobile and building products in Europe through its subsidiaries Schlegel UK and Schlegel GmbH. Schlegel UK had two separate operating divisions for Automotive and Building products. Ford and Rover accounted for about two-thirds of the Automotive product's sales. By the late 1980s the company was in difficulty. Schlegel UK had signed a contract with Rover that required it to make a "sprayed-on slip coat" window seal, and had difficulty with the unfamiliar technology. The factory building required extensive repairs. The company was offered for sale. Prospective buyers included BTR Plc, Draftex, Pirelli/Metzler, Diversitech, Standard Products and Continental AG.

BTR subsidiary The UK-based BTR plc purchased Schlegel Corporation in late 1988 through a subsidiary. BTR Dunlop, a wholly owned US-based subsidiary of BTR plc, was the purchaser. After the purchase, BTR decided to transfer the Schlegel UK and Schlegel GmbH subsidiaries from Schlegel Corporation to itself. There was some controversy over how the transfer should be valued for tax purposes, with the company valuing the Schlegel UK and Schlegel GmbH subsidiaries at $21,846,000 and $9,400,000, while the Internal Revenue Service valued them at $49,069,000 and $13,246,000. In 1990 Schlegel Corporation purchased a 600,000 square feet (56,000 m2) rubber facility built in 1937 in Keokuk, Iowa, from United Technologies Corporation. In 1995 BTR rebranded the product line to BTR Sealing Systems. In 1993 the UK subsidiary reported that it was upgrading to infrared ovens to bond the low-friction coating to its car window seals, reducing time and energy used in the process. In July 1995 it was announced that BTR, parent of US-based Schlegel Corporation and manufacturer of automotive component businesses such as Metzeler and Dunlop, was establishing a joint venture in New Delhi, India. Wadco-Schlegel would make automotive body and glass channel seals for Indian vehicle manufacturers. At this time BTR made about 18% of its rubber-related sales in the US, mainly through Schlegel and the Stowe Woodward manufacturer of roll coverings and printing blankets.

Later ownership changes In November 1997 UniPoly S.A, bought 32 companies from BTR, including the Schlegel Sealing and Shielding Group. The acquisition cost about $867 million. The deal was a management buy-out in which UniPoly Group was formed to take over most of the rubber products business of BTR PLC. As of 2001 its main operations were UniPoly Enerka (conveyor belts), UniPoly Hiflex Netherlands (fluid handling) and UniPoly Schlegel Holdings. In 2001 the banks that had funded the buy-out installed Michael Teacher as chief executive in an effort to turn around the struggling business. In March 2006 Lupus Capital bought the Schlegel Building Products Division from Unipoly. The acquisition cost Lupus £84 million on a debt free/cash free basis. Lupus Capital is the vehicle for Greg Hutchings. The sale of Schlegel reduced UniPoly debt to close to par. Lupus Capital plc changed its name to Tyman plc in February 2013. In February 2014 Schlegel International completed acquisition of Vedasil, a Brazilian manufacturer of pile weatherseals.

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Schlegel International

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Schlegel International claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In physics, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Schlegel International before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Schlegel International ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Schlegel International

In research: Schlegel International appears in physics research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Schlegel International in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Schlegel International is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Companies based in Bedfordshire, Manufacturing companies based in Rochester, New York, Seals (mechanical), so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Schlegel International outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Schlegel International in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Schlegel International means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Schlegel International out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Schlegel International in simple terms?

Why does Schlegel International matter?

Because it connects several physics ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Schlegel International?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Schlegel International.