The Scruton number (Sc) is an important parameter for vortex-induced vibration (excitation) of structures, vibrations caused by rain or wind, dry inclined cable galloping, and wake galloping, the unstable airflow that forms around bridge cables and other cylindrically-structured buildings. It is named after Christopher "Kit" Scruton, a British industrial dynamics engineer. It is defined by:
S c = 2 δ s m e ρ b ref 2 , {\displaystyle \mathrm {Sc} ={\frac {2\delta _{s}m_{e}}{\rho b_{\text{ref}}^{2}}},}
where
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