science

Selsoviet

Selsoviet is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Selsoviet rather than just read about it. In short: A selsoviet (Belarusian: сельсавет, Łacinka: sielsaviet; Russian: сельсовет, romanized: sel'sovet, IPA: [sʲɪlʲsɐˈvʲet]) is the shortened name for Selsky soviet, i.e., rural council (Belarusian: се́льскi саве́т; Russian: се́льский сове́т, Ukrainian: Сільська рада, romanized: Silska rada). It has closely related meanings: The administration (soviet) of a certain rural area.

Key takeaways

Selsoviet belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Selsoviet to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Selsoviet from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

A selsoviet (Belarusian: сельсавет, Łacinka: sielsaviet; Russian: сельсовет, romanized: sel'sovet, IPA: [sʲɪlʲsɐˈvʲet]) is the shortened name for Selsky soviet, i.e., rural council (Belarusian: се́льскi саве́т; Russian: се́льский сове́т, Ukrainian: Сільська рада, romanized: Silska rada). It has closely related meanings:

The administration (soviet) of a certain rural area. The territorial subdivision administered by such a council. The building of the selsoviet administration. Selsoviets were the lowest level of administrative division in rural areas in the Soviet Union. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, they were preserved as a third tier of administrative-territorial division throughout Belarus, and many of the federal subjects of Russia. A selsoviet is a rural administrative division of a raion (district) that includes one or several smaller rural localities and is in a subordination to its respective raion administration. The name refers to the local rural self-administration, the rural soviet (council), a part of the Soviet system of administration. The head of a selsoviet is called chairman, who had to be appointed by higher administration.

Soviet Union A December 24, 1917 decree of Sovnarkom initiated the reform of the administrative division inherited from the Russian Empire by which all local power must belong to soviets of the corresponding level of hierarchy. The reform was finalized in 1924. For a considerable period of Soviet history, passports of rural residents were stored in selsoviet offices, and people could not move outside their area of residence without the permission of selsoviet.

Belarus

Rural councils of Belarus are subordinated to districts of Belarus. If a rural council includes agrotowns, then one of them is the administrative center of the rural council, with some exceptions. The system was introduced in 1924, when the whole Soviet Union replaced its administrative division inherited from the Russian Empire.

Russia Division into selsoviets as administrative-territorial units remained after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in many of the federal subjects of Russia. In modern Russia, a selsoviet is a type of an administrative division of a district in a federal subject of Russia, which is equal in status to a town of district significance or an urban-type settlement of district significance, but is organized around a rural locality (as opposed to a town or an urban-type settlement). In some federal subjects, selsoviets were replaced with municipal rural settlements, which, in turn, were granted status of administrative-territorial units. Prior to the adoption of the 1993 Constitution of Russia, this type of administrative division had a uniform definition on the whole territory of the Russian SFSR. After the adoption of the 1993 Constitution, the administrative-territorial structure of the federal subjects is no longer identified as the responsibility of the federal government or as the joint responsibility of the federal government and the federal subjects. This state of the matters is traditionally interpreted by the governments of the federal subjects as a sign that the matters of the administrative-territorial divisions are the sole responsibility of the federal subjects themselves. As a result, the modern administrative-territorial structures of the federal subjects vary significantly from one federal subject to another; that includes the manner in which the selsoviets are organized and the choice of a term to refer to such entities. As of 2013, the following types of such entities are recognized:

Inhabited locality (населённый пункт): in Krasnoyarsk Krai (together with selsoviets) Rural administration (сельская администрация): in the Republic of Kalmykia and in Tula Oblast (together with rural okrugs, rural territories, and volosts) Rural administrative okrug (сельский административный округ): in Bryansk Oblast Rural okrug (сельский округ): in the Mari El Republic, the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, and the Sakha Republic; in Krasnodar Krai (together with stanitsa okrugs); in Belgorod, Kaliningrad, Kirov, Omsk, Ryazan, Tula (together with rural administrations, rural territories, and volosts), Tyumen, Ulyanovsk, and Yaroslavl Oblasts Rural settlement (сельское поселение): in the Altai and the Chuvash Republics; in Amur, Moscow, Rostov, Smolensk, Tver, and Voronezh Oblasts Rural territory (сельская территория): in Kemerovo Oblast and Tula Oblast (together with rural administrations, rural okrugs, and volosts) Rural-type settlement administrative territory (административная территория – посёлок сельского типа): in the Komi Republic (together with selo administrative territories) Selo administrative territory (административная территория – село): in the Komi Republic (together with rural-type settlement administrative territories) Selsoviet (сельсовет): in the Republics of Bashkortostan, Buryatia (together with somons), Dagestan, Khakassia (together with settlement councils), Mordovia, and the Udmurt Republic; in Altai (together with settlement administrations), Krasnoyarsk (together with inhabited localities), and Stavropol Krais; in Arkhangelsk, Astrakhan, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Kursk, Lipetsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Orenburg (together with settlement councils), Oryol, Penza, Tambov, Volgograd, and Vologda Oblasts; in Nenets Autonomous Okrug (together with settlements) Settlement (поселение): in Kostroma and Novgorod Oblasts Settlement (посёлок): in Nenets Autonomous Okrug (together with selsoviets) Settlement administration (поселковая администрация): in Altai Krai (together with selsoviets) Settlement council (поссовет): in the Republic of Khakassia (together with selsoviets) and in Orenburg Oblast (together with selsoviets) Settlement municipal formation (муниципальное образование со статусом поселения): in Leningrad Oblast Somon (сомон): in the Republic of Buryatia (together with selsoviets) Sumon (сумон): in the Republic of Tuva Stanitsa okrug (станичный округ): in Krasnodar Krai (together with rural okrugs) Territorial okrug (территориальный округ): in Murmansk Oblast Volost (волость): in Pskov Oblast and Tula Oblast (together with rural administrations, rural okrugs, and rural territories)

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Selsoviet

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Selsoviet claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Selsoviet before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Selsoviet ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Selsoviet

In research: Selsoviet appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Selsoviet in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Selsoviet is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Political divisions of Russia, Russian-language designations of territorial entities, Soviets of the Soviet Union, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Selsoviet outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Selsoviet in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Selsoviet means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Selsoviet out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Selsoviet in simple terms?

Why does Selsoviet matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Selsoviet?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Selsoviet.