science

Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders

Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders rather than just read about it. In short: Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders (SCWD) is an international and multidisciplinary non-profit organization, created in 2008 that focuses on cachexia and sarcopenia. As they are often under-diagnosed, patient groups aim to improve their awareness.

Key takeaways

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Reproduce the core statement of Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders (SCWD) is an international and multidisciplinary non-profit organization, created in 2008 that focuses on cachexia and sarcopenia. As they are often under-diagnosed, patient groups aim to improve their awareness. Cachexia has been coined the "last illness" and is sometimes called "body wasting". The prevalence of cachexia ranges from 5–15% in end-stage chronic heart failure to 50–80% in advanced malignant cancer. It is estimated that 5 Million Americans have the condition and cachexia frequently occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), HIV, Multiple sclerosis, neurological diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis. Mortality rates of cachexia patients range from 15 to 25% per year in severe COPD, 20–40% per year in patients with chronic heart failure or chronic kidney disease, to 20–80% per year in cancer cachexia. The SCWD was founded in 2008 on the initiative of Prof. Stefan D. Anker in Germany and Dr. John E. Morley in the US. It is made up of an international and multidisciplinary group of healthcare professionals in the fields of sarcopenia, cachexia and muscle wasting. As of 2018, the society had 150 members.Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - Wiley Online Library The purpose and objectives of the Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders (SCWD) are to:

Improve the understanding, diagnosis and treatment of skeletal muscle wasting in various disease conditions and aging Educate healthcare professionals Form partnerships with other professional societies

Legal Structure and Board The SCWD is a non-profit scientific organization (501 c3) registered in the United States of America and Switzerland. The president is Prof. Stefan Anker, Germany who is also vice-president of the European Society of Cardiology, the vice-president is Dr. John Morley, USA and the treasurer is Prof. Andrew J. Coats, United Kingdom who particularly investigated cardiac cachexia at an early stage.The Board consists of: Stefan D. Anker (President) – Berlin, Germany Josep M. Argiles – Barcelona, Spain Vickie E. Baracos – Edmonton, Canada Andrew J. S. Coats (Treasurer) – Norwich, UKWolfram Doehner – Berlin, Germany William J. Evans – Duke University, US Luigi Ferrucci – Baltimore, US David J. Glass – Boston, USAkio Inui – Kobe, JapanAminah Jatoi – Rochester, USKamyar Kalantar-Zadeh – Los Angeles, USJohn E. Morley (vice-president) – St. Louis, USFilippo Rossi-Fanelli – Rome, ItalyFlorian Strasser – St. Gallen, Switzerland Stephan von Haehling – Göttingen, Germany Prof Ken Fearon was a board member until he died in September 2016. He received the Hippocrates Award from the Society. Professor Fearon was particularly involved in cancer cachexia: leading an international consensus.

Educational initiatives

Conferences Since 2000 the SCWD has organized several international conferences. In December 2009, the 5th Cachexia conference took place in Barcelona, Spain. In 2011, the 7th conference took place in Italy. One of them took place in Kobe, Japan. These conferences took place every two years until 2015, when in Paris it was decided to organize the conferences annually instead. The location of the 2016 congress is Berlin on 10–11 December 2016. The programme includes a statistical seminar, a mentor or career session and sessions on cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle wasting. It addresses frailty, sarcopenia and cachexia resulting from the following diseases or chronic conditions: Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, Death, Dying & Grief, Dementia/Alzheimer's Disease, Diabetes, Heart Failure and Ageing. Update on Anabolic and Related Therapies are also provided. Results of clinical trials are also presented, such as data from a Phase II clinical trial of MT-102 in cancer-related cachexia presented in Kobe in 2013. The latest conference took place in Maastricht in 2018.Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - Wiley Online Library In 2019, the international conference will take place in Berlin. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle - Wiley Online Library Target audience: Internists, Oncologists, Geriatricians, Cardiologists, Nephrologists, Palliative care specialists, Nurse Practitioners and Primary Care Providers. A charity dinner is sometimes organised during SCWD conferences such as in 2011 in Milan with the participation of Lisa Niemi. Posters: each meeting features 120-200 posters. The SCWD releases regular highlights of its meetings.

Consensus meetings Since 2006, the SCWD has also organized several consensus meetings to address issues related to the definition of cachexia, sarcopenia as well the regulatory pathways for treatment development in cachexia, sarcopenia and the syndrome of muscle wasting.The major objective was to bring together a multi-disciplinary team of experts in order to develop, as a united body, a consensus of statements based on the following topics:

Definitions of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Frailty with a proposal for an overall disease classification system of "Muscle Wasting Syndromes" as framework of reference. Classification. Body composition assessment. End-points in clinical trials, including Patient-reported outcomes. Nutrition. Endpoint in clinical trials: strengths and weaknesses. What constitutes clinically meaningful change. New regulatory pathways. This consensus gathered together about 30 international scientists, including representatives from regulatory authorities. The invited experts are well-recognized academic leaders in geriatrics, oncology, cardiology, pulmonology and regulatory issues. These consensus projects aimed to facilitate the future design and performance of clinical trials in the fields of cachexia and sarcopenia They also generated recommendations for nutritional management.

Journal The Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM) published by Wiley-Blackwell is the official journal of SCWD. It was created in 2010. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 12.511. JCSM has seen an increase in citations and submissions in 2016. It is ranked in the first 10 journals for all journals in the field of "medicine, general and internal. Two daughter journals also exist: JCSM—Clinical Reports Archived 3 February 2019 at the Wayback Machine started in July 2016 and JCSM—Rapid Communications.

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Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders

In research: Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Symptoms and signs: Endocrinology, nutrition, and metabolism, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders in simple terms?

Why does Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders.