Oryza is a genus in the plant family Poaceae, of which Oryza sativa (cultivated rice) is a member. Oryza is a genus of 24 species, most of which are annual and some perennial grasses, which are found in tropical and swampy parts of Africa, Asia and Australia. Given its wide geographic range, there exists a substantial diversity of specialized metabolites (also called secondary metabolites) in the genus Oryza. Understanding this diversity can provide us solutions for mitigate crop losses due to disease and pest damage in rice, and boost agricultural production.
Anthocyanins and flavonols Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (I): Produced by purple pigmented rice Malvidin: Produced by purple pigmented rice Tricin Quercitin Kaempferol Apigenin
Carotenoids- β-carotene (provitamin A) Lutein zeaxanthin
Hydroxycinnamic acids
Alkaloids Benzoxazinoids Quinolone alkaloids
Phytoalexins Sakuranetin: Increases rapidly under biotic and abiotic stress stimula including UV and pathogen attack. Naringenin
Polyphenols
Phytosterols
Volatiles
Hormones Ethylene Salicylate Jasmonate Auxins Cytokinins Gibberelins Abscisic acids Brassinosteroids Strigolactones (e.g.: 2′-epi-5-deoxystrigol, which is produced under phosphorus-deficient conditions)
See also Phytochemistry
References