science

Spinoloricus cinziae

Spinoloricus cinziae is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Spinoloricus cinziae rather than just read about it. In short: Spinoloricus cinziae is an animal species described in 2014 in the phylum Loricifera. It was the first described animal species that does not require oxygen at any point during its life.

Key takeaways

Spinoloricus cinziae belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Spinoloricus cinziae to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Spinoloricus cinziae from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Spinoloricus cinziae is an animal species described in 2014 in the phylum Loricifera. It was the first described animal species that does not require oxygen at any point during its life. The species, along with two other newly discovered species, Rugiloricus nov. sp. and Pliciloricus nov. sp. (all of order Nanaloricida), were found in the sediment of the anoxic L'Atalante basin of the Mediterranean Sea. Electron microscope images show that the species' cellular innards appear to be adapted for a zero-oxygen life. Their mitochondria appear to act as hydrogenosomes, organelles which provide energy in some anaerobic single-celled creatures. At adulthood, this species is characterized by a mouth cone with eight oral ridges, a neck with eight single trichoscalids alternating with seven double trichoscalids, as well as lorical plates with spikes located at the corners. More than 30 species in this group have been described.

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Spinoloricus cinziae

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Spinoloricus cinziae claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Spinoloricus cinziae before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Spinoloricus cinziae ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Spinoloricus cinziae

In research: Spinoloricus cinziae appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Spinoloricus cinziae in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Spinoloricus cinziae is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Animals described in 2014, Biota of the Mediterranean Sea, Invertebrates of Europe, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Spinoloricus cinziae outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Spinoloricus cinziae in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Spinoloricus cinziae means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Spinoloricus cinziae out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Spinoloricus cinziae in simple terms?

Spinoloricus cinziae is an animal species described in 2014 in the phylum Loricifera. It was the first described animal species that does not require oxygen at any point during its life.

Why does Spinoloricus cinziae matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Spinoloricus cinziae?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Spinoloricus cinziae.