science

Strate (CSD)

Strate (CSD) is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Strate (CSD) rather than just read about it. In short: Strate (for Share Transactions Totally Electronic Limited) is the main central securities depository (CSD) in South Africa. Overview In 1989, the South African Reserve Bank partnered with the country's major banks to create UNEXCor, an electronic settlement system for the South African bond market.

Key takeaways

Strate (CSD) belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Strate (CSD) to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Strate (CSD) from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Strate (for Share Transactions Totally Electronic Limited) is the main central securities depository (CSD) in South Africa.

Overview In 1989, the South African Reserve Bank partnered with the country's major banks to create UNEXCor, an electronic settlement system for the South African bond market. Two years later, Central Depository Limited (CD Ltd) was established to provide electronic settlement and depository services. In May 1994, UNEXCor became a clearing house for the bond market. The initiative to create Strate started in 1996 and led to its incorporation in November 1998. On 10 September 1999, a shareholders' was made between Absa Bank, Citibank, First National Bank, JSE Limited, Mercantile Bank, Nedbank and Standard Bank to define the objectives assigned to Strate. UNEXCor was subsequently merged into Strate in 2003. Subsequently, Strate has been owned by the JSE (44.55 percent), Nedbank and Standard Bank (15 percent each), Absa and FirstRand Bank (12.68 percent each), and Citibank (0.10 percent). Strate handles the settlement of a number of securities, including equities and bonds for the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE), as well as a range of derivative products such as warrants, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), retail notes and tracker funds. It has now added the settlement of money market securities to its portfolio of services. It provides services to issuers for their investors in terms of the Companies Act and Securities Services Act (SSA) of 2004.n In 2013, Strate announced a partnership with Euroclear. Strate is a member of both the Africa & Middle East Depositories Association (AMEDA) and the Americas Central Securities Depositories Association (ACSDA).

See also Financial market infrastructure

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Strate (CSD)

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Strate (CSD) claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Strate (CSD) before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Strate (CSD) ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Strate (CSD)

In research: Strate (CSD) appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Strate (CSD) in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Strate (CSD) is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Central securities depositories, Finance stubs, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Strate (CSD) outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Strate (CSD) in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Strate (CSD) means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Strate (CSD) out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Strate (CSD) in simple terms?

Strate (for Share Transactions Totally Electronic Limited) is the main central securities depository (CSD) in South Africa. Overview In 1989, the South African Reserve Bank partnered with the country's major banks to create UNEXCor, an electronic settlement system for the South African bond market.

Why does Strate (CSD) matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Strate (CSD)?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Strate (CSD).