chemistry

Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans

Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans rather than just read about it. In short: Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans is a species of bacteria of the genus Sulfobacillus. It is an acidophilic, mixotrophic, moderately thermophilic, Gram-positive, sporulating facultative anaerobe.

Key takeaways

Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans is a species of bacteria of the genus Sulfobacillus. It is an acidophilic, mixotrophic, moderately thermophilic, Gram-positive, sporulating facultative anaerobe. As its name suggests, it is capable of oxidizing sulfur.

Taxonomy S. thermosulfidooxidans, as well as the genus Sulfobacillus, were first described in 1978 based on isolates from Kazakhstan. S. thermosulfidooxidans is the type species of the genus. The genus is of uncertain taxonomic position, likely related to the genus Thermaerobacter and possibly representing either a deep branch of the Bacillota or a separate phylum.

Distribution and ecology S. thermosulfidooxidans is widely distributed in both natural and artificial acidic environments, including hot springs and acid mine drainage. Strains have been isolated from a variety of locations including China, Chile, Kazakhstan, California, and Zambia. Compared to other bacteria often found in similar environments, Sulfobacillus species are typically present at relatively low abundance.

Growth and metabolism S. thermosulfidooxidans is acidophilic and moderately thermophilic; while different strains have slightly different pH and temperature growth optima, all prefer environments around pH 2.0 with optimal growth temperatures ranging from 45C to 55C. S. thermosulfidooxidans is iron- and sulfur-oxidizing, capable of oxidation of elemental sulfur, tetrathionate, and sulfides.

Genome The genomes of several S. thermosulfidooxidans strains have been sequenced, demonstrating a genome size of 3.2-3.9 megabases, with a GC content of 48-49% and a number of bioinformatically defined protein-coding genes ranging from a low of about 3200 to a high of about 3900. All of the sequenced genomes contain large numbers of genes associated with sulfur oxidation; for example, genes encoding sulfur oxygenase reductase (SOR) and heterodisulfide reductase-like enzymes. The genetic basis of the species' iron oxidation capacity is less clear but likely involves a sulfocyanin protein. The genome also contains large numbers of transport proteins, including those specialized for metal ion efflux, and several CRISPR/Cas systems. There is evidence of horizontal gene transfer as a significant contributor to S. thermosulfidooxidans evolution, including an unexpected relationship between a SOR gene and similar genes found only in archaea.

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans

In research: Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Acidophiles, Bacillota, Bacteria described in 1991, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans in simple terms?

Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans is a species of bacteria of the genus Sulfobacillus. It is an acidophilic, mixotrophic, moderately thermophilic, Gram-positive, sporulating facultative anaerobe.

Why does Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans.