Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien (1892–) by Adolf Engler (1844–1930) is a complete revision of plant families down to generic level and often even further. As such it forms part of the Engler system of plant taxonomy. Engler's starting point was that of Eichler who had been the first to use phylogenetic principles, and reflected the new post-Darwinian perspective, although Engler himself did not think that his was. His modified Eichler schema first appeared in 1886 in his Guide to Breslau Botanic Garden (of which he was the director) and was expanded in his Syllabus in 1892. This reflected the new post-Darwinian perspective. Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien first appeared in 1892 with the title Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik. Many subsequent editions have appeared since, and it was continued after Engler's death in 1930. The most recent edition was the 13th in 2009. A number of references to the Engler system actually refer to later revisions ('modified Engler system') undertaken by Melchior and colleagues, the 12th edition of the Syllabus, also referred to as the Melchior system.
Synopses
First edition (1892) Review of previous systems p. xvii Schema p. xx
Myxothallophyta p. 1 Myxomycetes Euthallophyta p. 3 Schizophyta Dinoflagellata Bacillariales Gamophyceae Fungi Embryophyta Zoidiogama (Archegoniatae) Bryophyta p. 43 Pteridophyta p. 53 Embryophyta Siphonogama (Phanerogamae) Gymnospermae p. 59 Angiospermae p. 64 Class Chalazogamae p. 64 Class Acrogamae p. 65 Subclass Monocotyledoneae 10 Orders 1. Pandanales p. 65 ... 8. Liliiflorae p. 81 9. Scitamineae p. 87 10 Microspermae p. 89 Subclass Dicotyledoneae 2 groups Group Archichlamydeae 23 orders 1. Piperales p. 93 ... 19. Parietales p. 138 24 families ... Violaceae p. 142 ... 20. Opuntiales p. 144 ... 23. Polygonales p. 101 Group Sympetalae 9 Orders 1. Ericales p. 151 ... 9. Campanulatae p. 173
Third edition (1903) The main groups of plants are shown here with page numbers in (parentheses) and some corresponding volumes in Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien in [square brackets], however there are changes between editions: Review of previous systems p. xxi From schema and index (pp. xxiv-xxv)
I. Abteilung. Phytosarcodina, Myxothallophyta, Myxomycetes (p. 1) II. Abteilung. Schizophyta (p. 3) [vol 1 part Ia] III. Abteilung. Flagellatae (p. 6) [vol 1 part Ia] IV. Abteilung. Dinoflagellatae (p. 8) ? Abteilung. Silicoflagellatae (p. 8) V. Abteilung. Zygophyceae (p. 8) VI. Abteilung. Chlorophyceae (p. 11) [vol 1 part II] VII. Abteilung. Charales (p. 15) VIII. Abteilung. Phaeophyceae (p. 15) IX. Abteilung. Dictyotales (p. 18) X. Abteilung. Rhodophyceae (p. 18) XI. Abteilung. Eumycetes (Fungi) (p. 25) [vol 1 part I] XII. Abteilung. Embryophyta asiphonogama (Archegoniatae) (p. 50) I. Unterabteilung Bryophyta (Muscinei) (p. 51) [vol 1 part III: 1] II. Unterabteilung Pteridophyta (p. 61) [vol 1 part IV] XIII. Abteilung. Embryophyta siphonogama (Phanerogamae) (p. 70) I. Unterabteilung Gymnospermae (p. 70) [vol 2 part I] II. Unterabteilung Angiospermae (p. 75) [vol 2 part I]
XIII Embryophyta siphonogama I. Unterabteilung Gymnospermae 6 classes (p. 70) [vol 2 part I] II. Unterabteilung Angiospermae 2 classes (p. 75) [vol 2 part I] 1. Klasse Monocotyledoneae 11 orders (p. 76) 2. Klasse Dicotyledoneae 2 subclasses (p. 106)
Gymnospermae 6 classes (p. 70)
Angiospermae 2 classes (p. 75)
1. Klasse Monocotyledoneae 11 orders (p. 76) [vol 2 part I] 2. Klasse Dicotyledoneae 2 sublasses (p. 106)
Monocotyledoneae 11 orders
1. Reihe Pandanales (p. 77) 3. Reihe Triuridales (p. 80) 4. Reihe Glumiflorae (p. 80) 5. Reihe Principes (p. 84) 6. Reihe Synanthae (p. 87) 7. Reihe Spathiflorae (p. 87) 8. Reihe Farinosae (p. 91) 9. Reihe Liliiflorae (p. 93) [vol 2 part I] 10. Reihe Scitamineae (p. 101) 11. Reihe Microspermae (p. 102)
Dicotyledoneae 2 subclasses (p. 106)
1. Unterklasse Archechlamydeae 2. Unterklasse Metachlamydeae (Sympetalae) (p. 175) Index (p. 215)
Monocotyledon family structure 11 orders (Reihe)
Pandanales Pandanaceae Sparganiaceae Typhaceae
Helobiae 4 suborders
subordo Alismatineae Alismataceae Butomaceae subordo Hydrocharitineae Hydrocharitaceae subordo Scheuchzeriineae Scheuchzeriaceae subordo Potamogetonineae Aponogetonaceae Juncaginaceae Potamogetonaceae Najadaceae Zannichelliaceae
Triuridales Triuridaceae
Glumiflorae Gramineae Maydeae Andropogoneae Paniceae Oryzeae Phalarideae Agrostideae Aveneae Festuceae Chlorideae Hordeeae Bambuseae Cyperaceae
Principes Palmae or Arecaceae
Synanthae Cyclanthaceae
Spathiflorae Araceae Lemnaceae
Farinosae 6 suborders
Flagellariaceae Enantioblastae Bromellinewae Commelinineae Pontederiineae Philydrineae
Liliiflorae 3 suborders (Unterreihe) 9 families
p. 93 Juncineae 1 family (p. 94) Liliineae 7 families (p. 94) Iridineae 1 family (p. 100) suborder Juncineae (p. 94) Juncaceae subordo Liliineae 7 families (p. 94) Stemonaceae (p. 94) Liliaceae (p. 94) [pages 10–91] subfamilia Melanthioideae 6 tribes (p. 94) Tofieldieae Helonieae Veratreae Uvularieae Anguillarieae Colchiceae subfamilia Herrerioideae (p. 95) subfamilia Asphodeloideae 8 tribes (p. 95) Asphodeleae Hemerocallideae Aloineae Aphyllantheae (p. 96) Johnsonieae Dasypogoneae Lomandreae Calectasieae subfamilia Allioideae 3 tribes(p. 96) Agapantheae Allieae Gilliesieae subfamilia Lilioideae 2 tribes (p. 96) Tulipeae 6 genera Scilleae 7 genera subfamilia Dracaenoideae 3 tribes (p. 97) subfamilia Asparagoideae 4 tribes (p. 97) subfamilia Ophiopogonoideae (p. 97) subfamilia Aletroideae (p. 98) subfamilia Luzuriagoideae (p. 98) subfamilia Smilacoideae (p. 98) Haemodoraceae (p. 98) Amaryllidaceae 3 subfamilies (p. 98) subfamilia Amaryllidoideae 2 tribes Amaryllideae (p. 98) Narcisseae (p. 99) subfamilia Agavoideae (p. 99) subfamilia Campynematoideae (p. 99) Velloziaceae (p. 99) Taccaceae (p. 99) Dioscoreaceae 2 tribes (p. 99) subordo Iridineae 2 families (p. 100) Iridaceae (p. 100) subfamilia Crocoideae subfamilia Iridoideae 3 tribes subfamilia Ixioideae 3 tribes
Scitamineae Musaceae p. 101 Zingiberaceae Cannaceae Marantaceae Lowiaceae p. 102
Microspermae Orchidaceae In modern classifications, Engler's divisions I - XI are not considered plants but are classified in other groups (although some botanists do accept Engler's divisions VII and VIII, the "green algae", as plants).
Thirteenth edition (2009-) Cyanoprokaryota [Part 1/1] Acrasia (Acrasiomycota) [Part 1/1] Eumycetozoa [Part 1/1] Protostelia Dictyostelia Myxogastria (Myxomycetes) Phytomyxea (Plasmodiophoromycota) [Part 1/1] Fungi / Mycobionta Chytridiomycota [Part 1/1] Blastocladiomycetes Chytridiomycetes Monoblepharidomycetes Neocallimastigomycetes Zygomycota [Part 1/1] Entomophthoromycotina Mortierellomycotina Mucoromycotina Kickxellomycotina Zoopagomycotina Glomeromycota [Part 1/1] Glomeromycetes Ascomycota [Part 1/2, to be published] Basidiomycota [Part 1/3, to be published] Heterokontobionta Labyrinthulomycota [Part 1/1] Labyrinthulomycetes Oomycota [Part 1/1] Hyphochytridiomycetes Peronosporomycetes Cryptophyta [Part 2/1] Cryptophyceae Goniomonadea Dinophyta/Dinozoa (Dinoflagellata) [Part 2/1] Perkinsea Oxyrrhidophyceae Ellobiophyceae Syndiniophyceae Noctiluciphyceae Dinophyceae Haptophyta [Part 2/1] Pavlovophyceae Coccolithophyceae Heterokontophyta / Ochrophyta [Part 2/1] Diatomeae, Bacillariophyceae s.l. Coscinodiscophyceae Mediophyceae Fragilariophyceae Bacillariophyceae Other heterokontophytes Bolidophyceae Dictyochophyceae Pelagophyceae Pinguiophyceae Eustigmatophyceae Picophagea Synchromophyceae Chrysophyceae Raphidophyceae Chrysomerophyceae Aurearenophyceae Phaeothamniophyceae Xanthophyceae Schizocladiophyceae Phaeophyceae Glaucobionta [Part 2/1] Glaucophyta Rhodobionta [Part 2/2, to be published] Rhodophyta Organisation type "Green Algae" Chlorarachniophyta / Cercozoa [Part 2/1] Chlorarachniophyceae Euglenophyta/Euglenozoa [Part 2/1] Euglenophyceae Chlorobionta ("Viridiplantae") Chlorophyta [Part 2/1] Nephroselmidophyceae Mamiellophyceae Prasinophyceae Pedinophyceae Chlorodendrophyceae Trebouxiophyceae Chlorophyceae Ulvophyceae Chlorophyta incertae sedis Palmophyllales Streptophyta Mesostigmatophyceae [Part 2/1] Chlorokybophyceae [Part 2/1] Klebsormidiophyceae [Part 2/1] Coleochaetophyceae [Part 2/1] Zygnematophyceae [Part 2/1] Charophyceae [Part 2/1] Embryobionta "Bryophytes" [Part 3] Marchantiophyta (Hepaticae) Bryophyta (Musci) Anthocerotophyta Polysporangiomorpha [Part 3] "Protracheophytes" (Horneophytopsida) Tracheophyta Rhyniophytina [Part 3] Lycophytina [Part 3] Euphyllophytina [Part 3] “Trimerophytina” Moniliformopses (Cladoxylopsida, Psilotopsida, Equisetopsida, Marattiopsida, Polypodiopsida) Radiatopses (Progymnospermopsida) Spermatophytina Pinopsida (gymnosperms) [Part 4, to be published] Magnoliopsida (angiosperms) Magnoliidae [Part 4, to be published] Lilianae (monocotyledons) Acorales, Alismatales, Petrosaviales, Dioscoreales, Pandanales, Liliales, Asparagales [Part 4, to be published] Arecales, Commelinales, Poales, Zingiberales, Dasypogonales [Part 5, to be published] Eudicotyledons [Part 5, to be published]
References
Bibliography
External links Synopsis sixth ed. Syllabus