science

Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial

Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial rather than just read about it. In short: The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) is a multi-center clinical trial that was performed from 2010 to 2015, and published in November 2015. The objective of the trial was to identify whether, in patients with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 130 mm Hg or higher and an increased cardiovascular risk, but without diabetes, treating to a systolic blood pressure target of less than 120 mm Hg is super…

Key takeaways

Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) is a multi-center clinical trial that was performed from 2010 to 2015, and published in November 2015. The objective of the trial was to identify whether, in patients with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 130 mm Hg or higher and an increased cardiovascular risk, but without diabetes, treating to a systolic blood pressure target of less than 120 mm Hg is superior to a target of 140 mm Hg. The primary outcome being measured was myocardial infarction, other acute coronary syndromes, stroke, heart failure, or death from cardiovascular causes. The study implies that patients receiving "standard" therapy were controlled similarly to all adults being treated for hypertension and that patients receiving "intensive" therapy had a lower mean SBP compared to all adults being treated for hypertension, but neither conclusion is true when compared to the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. During the study, 9361 patients were randomly assigned to either a 140 mm Hg target (referred to in the study as standard treatment) or a 120 mm Hg target (intensive treatment). Patients were prescribed blood pressure reducing medications to reach their assigned goal. Unlike normal hypertension treatment, once the goal was reached, prescriptions were suspended until the patient was no longer at goal. After being followed up for a median of 3.26 years, the study showed a significantly lower rate of the primary outcome in the intensive treatment group (1.65% per year) compared to the standard treatment group (2.19% per year). The risk of experiencing a primary outcome (myocardial infarction, other acute coronary syndromes, stroke, heart failure, or death from cardiovascular causes) was 25% lower than in the standard treatment group, and the risk of death from any cause was 27% lower. The number needed to treat with intensive therapy instead of standard therapy to prevent one death was 90. The results were so much more superior for the intensive treatment group that the trial was stopped early. Although the trial showed that intensive treatment was associated with lower rates of cardiovascular events and death, intensive treatment was also associated with 4% higher rates of serious adverse effects from anti-hypertensive medications, including syncope, electrolyte abnormalities, acute kidney injury or acute renal failure. However, this association was not statistically significant, with a P-value of 0.25, and therefore may have occurred by chance. The intensive treatment group were not found to be at a greater risk of injurious falls or bradycardia, and orthostatic hypotension was less common in the intensive treatment group. The SPRINT study was criticised about the population studied in terms of age, racial and cardiovascular danger

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial

In research: Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Clinical trials related to cardiology, Hypertension, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial in simple terms?

Why does Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial.