biology

TBL1XR1

TBL1XR1 is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand TBL1XR1 rather than just read about it. In short: F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1XR1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TBL1XR1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene has sequence similarity with members of the WD40 repeat-containing protein family.

Key takeaways

TBL1XR1 belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect TBL1XR1 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of TBL1XR1 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1XR1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TBL1XR1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene has sequence similarity with members of the WD40 repeat-containing protein family. The WD40 group is a large family of proteins that appear to have a regulatory function. It is believed that the WD40 repeats mediate protein–protein interactions, and members of the family are involved in signal transduction, RNA processing, gene regulation, vesicular trafficking, cytoskeletal assembly and may play a role in the control of cytotypic differentiation.

Clinical significance Mutations in TBL1XR1 cause Pierpont syndrome, which involves intellectual disability, a characteristic facial appearance and limb abnormalities. Mutations in TBL1XR1 have been identified in lymphomas, including MYD88 wild-type Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. In prostate cancer, somatic copy-number gains (CNA) in TBL1XR1 are present in around 15% of patients with localised disease, co-occurring with adjacent megagene NAALADL2. The frequency of CNA gains in these genes associate with a number of clinical features of aggressive prostate cancer including high Gleason grade, tumour stage, positive surgical margins and cancer which has spread to the lymph nodes. The frequency of copy-number gains in this genetic region also increase in castrate resistant and neuroendocrine prostate cancer. The region surrounding TBL1XR1 is rich in oncogenes. Copy-number gains in TBL1XR1 often co-occur with neighbouring oncogenes including: BCL6, ATR and PI3K family members. Copy-number gains at the DNA level associate with mRNA expression changes in more than 450 known oncogenes, suggesting this region may be important in driving aggressive prostate cancer. TBL1XR1 is a co-activator of the androgen receptor, a major hormone receptor driving prostate cancer development. Of the genes whose expression was altered between patients with and without gains, 506 (14.09%) of the genes were androgen-regulated or contained an AR binding site.

Interactions TBL1XR1 has been shown to interact with nuclear receptor co-repressor 1.

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with TBL1XR1

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what TBL1XR1 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to TBL1XR1 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about TBL1XR1 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of TBL1XR1

In research: TBL1XR1 appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses TBL1XR1 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: TBL1XR1 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Genes on human chromosome 3, Human chromosome 3 gene stubs, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for TBL1XR1 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

Ask Teacher Smith questions about this articleOpens your AI tutor with a question about “TBL1XR1” →

Affiliate

Preply — study more efficiently by working with a personal tutor. 50% off.

How to study TBL1XR1 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what TBL1XR1 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain TBL1XR1 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is TBL1XR1 in simple terms?

Why does TBL1XR1 matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study TBL1XR1?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on TBL1XR1.