astronomy

TXS 1321+045

TXS 1321+045 is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand TXS 1321+045 rather than just read about it. In short: TXS 1321+045 or 1321+045, is a radio galaxy located in the constellation of Virgo. The redshift of the galaxy is (z) 0.263 and it was first discovered as a radio-loud object from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS).

Key takeaways

TXS 1321+045 belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect TXS 1321+045 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of TXS 1321+045 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

TXS 1321+045 or 1321+045, is a radio galaxy located in the constellation of Virgo. The redshift of the galaxy is (z) 0.263 and it was first discovered as a radio-loud object from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). This object is classified as the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) of the galaxy cluster, MaxBCG J201.08197+04.31863 and as such dominates the cluster. It also contains a compact steep spectrum source (CSS).

Description TXS 1321+045 is categorized as a low-excitation radio galaxy (LERG) of low luminosity. The structure of the galaxy is found to be compact based on high resolution imaging made with MERLIN, comprising at least three components; mainly a central radio core and two radio lobes that are found on the opposite sides of the core. The total flux density of the core is estimated to be 11 ± 2 mJy, while the lobes have flux densities of 38 ± 4 and 49 ± 5 mJy. Observations made by MERLIN at 1.6 GHz frequencies have detected the same core with diffused radio emission from opposite sides. Further observations have also shown the source is extended by around 40 kiloparsecs,with two knot features that are embedded inside an extended region. Observations made by the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) at both 4.5 and 7.5 GHz frequencies have found the core is divided into two separate components, with total measured flux densities of 1.24 ± 0.03 and 0.74 ± 0.44 mJy. The secondary component is classified as a radio jet that has a linear size of around 20 parsecs. However its orientation degree is different compared to the lobes, indicating a new activity phase has begun recently with the fact the outer parts of the lobes are no longer evolving. The central supermassive black hole of the galaxy is estimated to be 9.46 ± 1.42 M☉ based on the study of compact sources published in 2025. The stellar velocity dispersion is estimated to be 333.13 ± 49.97 kilometers per seconds. A study published in 2013, found the galaxy is undergoing star formation of 5.38 M☉ per year.

References

External links TXS 1321+045 on SIMBAD TXS 1321+045 on HyperLeda

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with TXS 1321+045

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what TXS 1321+045 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to TXS 1321+045 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about TXS 1321+045 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of TXS 1321+045

In research: TXS 1321+045 appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses TXS 1321+045 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: TXS 1321+045 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Active galaxies, Astronomical objects discovered in 2005, LEDA objects, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for TXS 1321+045 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study TXS 1321+045 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what TXS 1321+045 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain TXS 1321+045 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is TXS 1321+045 in simple terms?

Why does TXS 1321+045 matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study TXS 1321+045?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on TXS 1321+045.