chemistry

Tacedinaline

Tacedinaline is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Tacedinaline rather than just read about it. In short: Tacedinaline (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, USANTooltip United States Adopted Name; developmental code name CI-994), also known as N-acetyldinaline, is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and possible cognitive enhancer which is under development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. It was also under development as an antineoplastic agent for the treatment of various cancers, but development…

Key takeaways

Tacedinaline belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Tacedinaline to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Tacedinaline from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Tacedinaline (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, USANTooltip United States Adopted Name; developmental code name CI-994), also known as N-acetyldinaline, is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and possible cognitive enhancer which is under development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. It was also under development as an antineoplastic agent for the treatment of various cancers, but development for these uses was discontinued. The drug is taken orally.

Side effects Unlike many other less-selective HDAC inhibitors, which have often produced unwanted side effects, tacedinaline is said to be well-tolerated. However, adverse effects such as thrombocytopenia among others have nonetheless been observed in cancer treatment trials.

Pharmacology

Tacedinaline is a potent inhibitor of the class I HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3, with IC50Tooltip half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of 41–636 nM, 147–696 nM, and 46–472 nM, respectively. The drug showed no inhibition of other HDACs, including HDAC4 through HDAC11, at a concentration of 10,000 to 33,000 nM. It is more selective for class I HDACs compared to many other HDAC inhibitors. In addition to its HDAC inhibition, tacedinaline also activates Wnt/β–catenin signaling and hence is said to have a dual mechanism of action. It enhances synaptogenesis, increases central brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, and decreases tau phosphorylation in preclinical research. Tacedinaline enhances cognition and memory in rodents. It crosses the blood–brain barrier. The drug's time to peak levels is approximately 1 to 2 hours and elimination half-life is 9.6 to 14 hours in humans.

Chemistry The chemical synthesis of tacedinaline has been described. Glucuronide prodrugs of tacedinaline for targeted tumor chemotherapy have been described.

History and development Tacedinaline was first described in the scientific literature by 1993. It was developed by Goedecke and Pfizer. As of September 2024, the drug is in the preclinical research stage of development for Alzheimer's disease. It was also under development for the treatment of breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and pancreatic cancer, and reached phase 2 and 3 trials for these uses in the 2000s, but development was discontinued by 2008. Subsequently, tacedinaline was repurposed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in the 2020s.

See also Histone deacetylase inhibitor BRD-6929 (Cpd-60) FRM-0334 (EVP-0334)

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Tacedinaline

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Tacedinaline claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Tacedinaline before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Tacedinaline ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Tacedinaline

In research: Tacedinaline appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Tacedinaline in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Tacedinaline is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Abandoned drugs, Acetamides, Amides, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Tacedinaline outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Tacedinaline in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Tacedinaline means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Tacedinaline out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Tacedinaline in simple terms?

Why does Tacedinaline matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Tacedinaline?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Tacedinaline.